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every time

  • 1 ūsque

        ūsque adv.,    all the way, right on, without interruption, continuously, even: usque a mari supero Romam proficisci: usque a rubro mari, N.: Dardaniam Siculo prospexit ab usque Pachyno, V.: usque ex ultimā Syriā navigare: usque ad castra hostium accessit, Cs.: cum ad eum usque in Pamphyliam legatos misissent: trans Alpes usque transfertur: usque sub ora, O.: usque istinc.— With acc of place, all the way to, as far as, to (implying entrance): theatrum ita resonans, ut usque Romam voces referantur: Miletum usque? obsecro, T.—With quāque (less correctly as one word, usquequaque), in every place, everywhere: aut undique religionem tolle, aut usque quāque conserva. —Of time, all the time, continually, perpetually, all the while, as long as, until: Progeniem nostram usque ab avo proferens, T.: opinio iam usque ab heroicis ducta temporibus, from as far back as: usque a Thale Milesio: deinceps retro usque ad Romulum, as far as: inde usque repetens, etc.: usque antehac, T.: usque adhuc, even till now: tamen usque eo se tenuit, quoad, etc.: usque id egi dudum, dum loquitur pater, T.: iacet res in controversiis, usque dum inveniretur: usque quoad: usque adeo in periculo fuisse, quoad, etc. —Right on, without intermission, continuously, constantly, incessantly: Ctesipho me pugnis miserum Usque occidit, T.: Cantantes licet usque, minus via laedit, eamus, V.: Naturam expelles furcā, tamen usque recurret, H.—With quāque (less correctly as one word, usquequaque), continually, always, at all times: usque quaque, de hoc cum dicemus, every time: ne aut nusquam aut usque quaque dicatur, hic admonere, at all times. —Of extent or degree, even to, quite up to, as far as: Ego vapulando, ille verberando, usque ambo defessi sumus, T.: poenas dedit usque superque (i. e. usque eo quod satis esset), H.: usque ad eum finem, dum, etc.: undique totis Usque adeo turbatur agris, to so great an extent, V.: Anco regi familiaris est factus (Tarquinius) usque eo, ut, etc.—With quāque (less correctly as one word, usquequaque), in every thing, on every occasion: nolite usque quaque idem quaerere: et id usque quaque quantum sit appareat, in each particular.
    * * *
    I
    all the way, right on; all the time, continuously, at every point, always
    II

    Latin-English dictionary > ūsque

  • 2 semper

    semper, adv. [root sam-; Gr. ham-; v. semel and -per = para; cf. tantisper], ever, always, at all times, forever (cf. usque).
    I.
    In gen.: nequiter factum illud apud vos semper manebit, Cato ap. Gell. 16, 1:

    locus hic apud nos semper liber est,

    Plaut. Bacch. 1, 1, 49:

    semper occant priusquam sarriunt rustici,

    id. Capt. 3, 5, 5:

    sat habet favitorum semper, qui recte facit,

    Plaut. Am. prol. 79:

    quod improbis semper aliqui scrupus in animis haereat, semper iis ante oculos judicia et supplicia versentur: nullum autem emolumentum esse tantum, semper ut timeas, semper ut adesse, semper ut impendere aliquam poenam putes,

    Cic. Rep. 3, 16, 26:

    quod semper movetur, aeternum est,

    id. ib. 6, 25, 27; id. Tusc. 1, 23, 53:

    non haerent in suis sedibus, sed volucri semper spe rapiuntur,

    id. Rep. 2, 4, 7:

    curavit (Servius Tullius), quod semper in re publicā tenendum est, ne, etc.,

    id. ib. 2, 22, 39; 3, 14, 23 et saep.: sibi exortam semper florentis Homeri Commemorat speciem (the Gr. aeithalês), Lucr. 1, 124:

    hic vertex nobis semper sublimis,

    Verg. G. 1, 242; cf.: quod Graeci aigleucos (aeigleukos) vocant, hoc est semper mustum, Plin. 14, 9, 11, § 83:

    avida ulteriorum semper gens (semper belonging to ulter),

    Liv. 9, 38, 5:

    si umquam dubitatum est, utrum tribuni plebis vestrā an suā causā seditionum semper auctores fuerint,

    id. 5, 3 Drak.;

    for which also, without esse (hence apparently adject.): Hasdrubal pacis semper auctor,

    id. 30, 42; cf.:

    adversus Sidicinos sumerent arma, suos semper hostes,

    id. 8, 1 fin. —To strengthen the signif., joined with cottidie, perenne, assidue, etc. (as in Gr. aei kath hêmeran, suneches, etc.; v. Lidd. and Scott's Lex. under aei):

    ea mihi cottidie Aut ture aut vino aut aliqui semper supplicat,

    Plaut. Aul. prol. 24; cf. Ter. Ad. 3, 1, 7:

    lucrum ut perenne vobis semper suppetat,

    Plaut. Am. prol. 14:

    ne semper servus currens, iratus senex, etc.... assidue agendi sint mihi,

    Ter. Heaut. prol. 39; so (with assiduus) Cic. Rosc. Am. 18, 51; Ov. F. 4, 686:

    ibi semper omne vitae spatium famula fuit,

    Cat. 63, 90:

    semper et ubique,

    Quint. 1, 1, 29; 3, 9, 5; Petr. 99; Suet. Aug. 90; cf. Quint. 11, 1, 14.—
    II.
    Of continuance within a definite time:

    ego illum antehac hominem semper sum frugi ratus,

    Plaut. As. 5, 2, 11; cf. id. Aul. 2, 2, 39:

    quod tempus (aestatem) omnes Siciliae semper praetores in itineribus consumere consuerunt,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 12, § 29: quibus studiis semper [p. 1668] fueris, tenemus, Cic. Rep. 1, 23, 37.—
    2.
    Esp., with comp., of a progressive change ( poet.):

    rem Romanam Alterum in lustrum meliusque semper, Proroget aevum,

    Hor. C. S. 67:

    candidior semper candidiorque veni,

    Tib. 1, 7, 64.—
    B.
    Distributively, always, every time, on each occasion (ante-class. and post-Aug.):

    rex Creo vigiles nocturnos singulos semper locat,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 195:

    horresco semper, ubi pultare hasce (fores) occipio miser,

    always, every time, Ter. Ad. 4, 4, 24:

    quattuor partus enixa, septumo semper mense, genuit, etc.,

    Plin. 7, 5, 4, § 39:

    bis inter duos exortus lunae adfluunt bisque remeant vicenis quaternisque semper horis,

    id. 2, 97, 99, § 212:

    tertio die cibum capere semper,

    id. 7, 2, 2, § 12:

    cibum capere semper diebus tertiis,

    Gell. 9, 4, 6.—
    III.
    Transf. ( poet.), everywhere, in every place (like Engl. always):

    proque toro terrae non semper gramen habenti, Incubat infelix,

    Ov. M. 1, 633.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > semper

  • 3 semper

        semper adv.    [3 SA-+-per], ever, always, at all times, continually, perpetually, forever: numquam unum intermittit diem, Quin semper veniat, T.: semper in amicitiā manere: qui tibi praesto semper fuit: avida ulteriorum semper gens, i. e. of continual acquisitions, L.: pacis semper auctor, L.: Alterum in lustrum meliusque semper, Proroget aevom, i. e. with constant improvement, H.: horresco semper, ubi, etc., every time, T.: quibus studiis semper fueris, tenemus: terra, non semper gramen habens, i. e. everywhere, O.
    * * *

    Latin-English dictionary > semper

  • 4 quotienscumque

    whenever, every time that; however often, as often as

    Latin-English dictionary > quotienscumque

  • 5 quotienscunque

    whenever, every time that; however often, as often as

    Latin-English dictionary > quotienscunque

  • 6 quotiensquonque

    whenever, every time that; however often, as often as

    Latin-English dictionary > quotiensquonque

  • 7 quotiescumque

    whenever, every time that; however often, as often as

    Latin-English dictionary > quotiescumque

  • 8 quotiescunque

    whenever, every time that; however often, as often as

    Latin-English dictionary > quotiescunque

  • 9 quotiesquonque

    whenever, every time that; however often, as often as

    Latin-English dictionary > quotiesquonque

  • 10 dies

    dĭes (dīes, Liv. Andron. Fragm. Odys. 7), ēi ([etilde]ī, Verg. A. 4, 156; Hor. S. 1, 8, 35 et saep.;

    dissyl.: di-ei,

    Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 31; also gen. dies, die, and dii—dies, as in acies, facies, pernicies, etc., Enn. ap. Gell. 9, 14; Ann. v. 401 Vahl.; Cic. Sest. 12, 28 ap. Gell. l. l.:

    die,

    Prisc. p. 780 P.; even in Verg. G. 1, 208, where Gellius reads dies, v. Wagner ad loc., nearly all MSS. have die; cf. Rib. and Forbig. ad loc.; so,

    die,

    Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 59; id. Capt. 4, 2, 20; Caes. B. G. 7, 11, 5; id. B. C. 1, 14, 3; 3, 76, 2; Just. 2, 11, 17; cf. Oud. ad B. G. 2, 23, 1. Die appears to be certain in Sall. J. 52, 3; 97, 3. Also in Cic. Sest. 12, 28, Gellius reads dies, where our MSS., except the Cod. Lamb., have diei;

    perh. those words do not belong to Cicero himself. Form dii,

    Verg. A. 1, 636, Rib. and Forbig. after Serv. and Gell. l. l.— Dat., diēī, saep. die, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 120, acc. to Serv. Verg. G. 1, 208; Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 48; id. Capt. 3, 1, 4; id. Trin. 4, 2, 1;

    once dii,

    id. Merc. 1, Prol. 13; cf. Roby, Gram. 1, 121 sq.); m. (in sing. sometimes f., esp. in the signif. no. I. B. 1.) [root Sanscr. dī, gleam: dinas, day; Gr. dios, heavenly; cf. Lat. Jovis (Diovis), Diana, deus, dīvus, etc. Old form, dius (for divus); cf.: nudius, diu, etc. The word also appears in composition in many particles, as pridem, hodie, diu, etc., v. Corss. Auspr. 2, 855 sq.], a day (cf.: tempus, tempestas, aetas, aevum, spatium, intervallum).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen., the civil day of twenty-four hours.
    (α).
    Masc.:

    dies primus est veris in Aquario... dies tertius... dies civiles nostros, etc.,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 28, 1; cf. Plin. 2, 77, 79, § 188; Macr. S. 1, 3; Gell. 3, 2: REBVS IVRE IVDICATIS TRIGINTA DIES IVSTI SVNTO, XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 20, 1, 45; and 15, 13 fin.; for which;

    per dies continuos XXX., etc.,

    Gai. Inst. 3, 78: multa dies in bello conficit unus, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 2 (Ann. v. 297 ed. Vahl.); cf.:

    non uno absolvam die,

    Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 73:

    hic dies,

    id. Aul. 4, 9, 11:

    hic ille est dies,

    id. Capt. 3, 3, 3:

    ante hunc diem,

    id. ib. 3, 4, 101:

    illo die impransus fui,

    id. Am. 1, 1, 98; cf.:

    eo die,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 22 fin.; 2, 6; 2, 32 fin.; 4, 11, 4; 5, 15 fin. et saep.:

    postero die,

    id. ib. 1, 15, 1; 3, 6, 3 et saep.; Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 17; Sall. J. 29, 5; 38, 9 et saep.:

    in posterum diem,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 41 fin.; id. B. C. 1, 65 fin. et saep.:

    diem scito esse nullum, quo die non dicam pro reo,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 3:

    domi sedet totos dies,

    Plaut. Aul. 1, 1, 34:

    paucos dies ibi morati,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 5, 4:

    dies continuos XXX. sub bruma esse noctem,

    id. ib. 5, 13, 3:

    hosce aliquot dies,

    Ter. Heaut. 4, 5, 4; cf. id. Eun. 1, 2, 71 et saep.:

    festo die si quid prodegeris,

    Plaut. Aul. 2, 8, 10; so,

    festus,

    id. Cas. 1, 49; id. Poen. 3, 5, 13; 4, 2, 26 et saep.—
    (β).
    Fem. (freq. in poetry metri gratiā; rare in prose), postrema, Enn. ap. Gell. 9, 14:

    omnia ademit Una dies,

    Lucr. 3, 912; cf. id. 3, 921; 5, 96 and 998: homines, qui ex media nocte ad proximam mediam noctem in his horis XXIV. nati sunt, una die nati dicuntur, Varr. ap. Gell. 3, 2, 2 (uno die, Macr. S. 1, 3):

    quibus effectis armatisque diebus XXX., a qua die materia caesa est,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 36 fin.:

    Varronem profiteri, se altera die ad colloquium venturum,

    id. ib. 3, 19, 4 (for which, shortly before: quo cum esset postero die ventum); cf.:

    postera die,

    Sall. J. 68, 2 (for which, in the same author, more freq.:

    postero die): pulchra,

    Hor. Od. 1, 36, 10:

    suprema,

    id. ib. 1, 13, 20:

    atra,

    Verg. A. 6, 429:

    tarda,

    Ov. M. 15, 868 et saep.—(But Caes. B. C. 3, 26, 1; 3, 37, 1, read altero, tertio.)—
    b.
    Connections:

    postridie ejus diei, a favorite expression of Caesar,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 23, 1: 1, 47, 2; 1, 48, 2 et saep., v. postridie;

    and cf.: post diem tertium ejus diei,

    Cic. Att. 3, 7; Sulpic. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 12, 2; Liv. 27, 35:

    diem ex die exspectabam,

    from day to day, id. ib. 7, 26 fin.; cf.:

    diem ex die ducere,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 16, 5; for which also: diem de die prospectans, Liv. 5, 48; and: diem de die differre, id. 25, 25: LIBRAS FARRIS ENDO DIES DATO, for every day, day by day, daily, XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 20, 1, 45; cf.:

    affatim est hominum, in dies qui singulas escas edunt,

    Plaut. Men. 3, 1, 10; so,

    in dies,

    every day, Cic. Top. 16, 62; Caes. B. G. 3, 23, 7; 5, 58, 1; 7, 30, 4; Vell. 2, 52, 2; Liv. 21, 11 Drak.; 34, 11 al.; less freq. in sing.:

    nihil usquam sui videt: in diem rapto vivit,

    Liv. 22, 39; cf.:

    mutabilibus in diem causis (opp. natura perpetua),

    id. 31, 29 (in another signif. v. the foll., no. II. A. 3); and: cui licet in diem ( = singulis diebus, daily) dixisse Vixi, etc., Hor. Od. 3, 29, 42. And still more rarely: ad diem, Treb. Gallien. 17; Vop. Firm. 4:

    ante diem, v. ante.—Die = quotidie or in diem,

    daily, Verg. E. 2, 42; 3, 34:

    quos mille die victor sub Tartara misi,

    id. A. 11, 397:

    paucissimos die composuisse versus,

    Quint. 10, 3, 8:

    saepius die,

    Plin. 15, 6, 6, § 22: die crastini, noni, pristini, quinti, for die crastino, nono, etc., v. h. vv. crastinus, nonus, etc.; and cf. Gell. 10, 24; Macr. S. 1, 4.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    A set day, appointed time, term in the widest sense of the word (for appearing before court, in the army, making a payment, etc.).
    (α).
    Masc.: MORBVS SONTICVS... STATVS DIES CVM HOSTE... QVID HORVM FVIT VNVM IVDICI ARBITROVE REOVE DIES DIFFISVS ESTO, XII. Tab. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12; Fest. p. 273, 26 Müll.; for which: STATVS CONDICTVSVE DIES CVM HOSTE, acc. to Cincius ap. Gell. 16, 4, 4;

    and with comic reference to the words of this law,

    Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 5 (found also in Macr. S. 1, 16);

    and freq.: status dies,

    Plin. Ep. 9, 39, 1; Suet. Claud. 1; Flor. 1, 13, 16 et saep.:

    hic nuptiis dictus est dies,

    Ter. And. 1, 1, 75; cf.:

    dies colloquio dictus est ex eo die quintus,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 42, 4; so,

    dictus,

    id. ib. 5, 27, 5:

    iis certum diem conveniendi dicit,

    id. ib. 5, 57, 2:

    die certo,

    Sall. J. 79, 4; cf.

    constituto,

    id. ib. 13 fin.:

    decretus colloquio,

    id. ib. 113, 3:

    praestitutus,

    Liv. 3, 22:

    praefinitus,

    Plin. 35, 10, 36, § 109; Gell. 16, 4, 3:

    ascriptus,

    Phaedr. 4, 11, 8 et saep.:

    quoniam advesperascit, dabis diem nobis aliquem, ut contra ista dicamus,

    Cic. N. D. 3, 40; Caes. B. G. 1, 16, 5; id. B. C. 1, 11, 2; Sall. J. 109, 3; Liv. 35, 35 et saep.:

    dies ater,

    an unlucky day, Sen. Vit. Beat. 25.—
    (β).
    Fem. (so commonly in this sense in class. prose, but only in sing., v. Mützell ad Curt. 3, 1, 8):

    ut quasi dies si dicta sit,

    Plaut. As. 5, 1, 11; so,

    dicta,

    Cic. Fam. 16, 10 fin.; cf.:

    edicta ad conveniendum,

    Liv. 41, 10 fin.:

    praestituta,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 140; 2, 2, 28; Ter. Ph. 3, 2, 38; Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 14 fin.; id. Vatin. 15, 37; id. Tusc. 1, 39; Liv. 45, 11 et saep.; cf.

    constituta,

    Cic. Caecin. 11, 32; Caes. B. G. 1, 4, 2; 1, 8, 3: certa eius rei constituta, id. B. C. 3, 33, 1:

    pacta et constituta,

    Cic. Cat. 1, 9, 24:

    statuta,

    Liv. 31, 29:

    stata,

    id. 27, 23 fin.:

    certa,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 30, 4, 5, 1, 8; id. B. C. 1, 2, 6; Nep. Chabr. 3 et saep.:

    annua,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 23; id. Att. 12, 3 fin.; cf.

    longa,

    Plaut. Ep. 4, 1, 18:

    die caecā emere, oculatā vendere,

    i. e. to buy on credit and sell for cash, id. Ps. 1, 3, 67, v. caecus, no. II. B.:

    haec dies summa hodie est, mea amica sitne libera, an, etc.,

    id. Pers. 1, 1, 34:

    puto fore istam etiam a praecone diem,

    Cic. Att. 13, 3:

    ubi ea dies venit (preceded by tempore ejus rei constituto),

    Caes. B. G. 7, 3:

    praeterita die, qua suorum auxilia exspectaverant,

    id. ib. 7, 77, 1; cf. id. ib. 6, 33, 4:

    esse in lege, quam ad diem proscriptiones fiant,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 44, 128 et saep.—
    (γ).
    Both genders together:

    diem dicunt, qua die ad ripam Rhodani omnes conveniant: is dies erat a. d. V. Kal. Apr., etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 6 fin.; Cic. Att. 2, 11; id. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 3; Liv. 34, 35 al.—
    b.
    Hence: dicere diem alicui, to impeach, lay an accusation against:

    diem mihi, credo, dixerat,

    Cic. Mil. 14, 36:

    Domitium Silano diem dixisse scimus,

    id. Div. in Caec. 20, 67.—
    2.
    A natural day, a day, as opp. to night: ut vel, quia est aliquid, aliud non sit, ut Dies est, nox non est; vel, quia est aliquid, et aliud sit: Sol est super terram, dies est, Quint. 5, 8, 7: pro di immortales, quis hic illuxit dies, Cic. Fragm. ap. Quint. 9, 4, 76:

    credibile non est, quantum scribam die, quin etiam noctibus,

    in the daytime, id. Att. 13, 26:

    negat ullum esse cibum tam gravem, quin is die et nocte concoquatur,

    in a single day and night, id. N. D. 2, 9, 24; cf.

    in this signif.: die ac nocte,

    Plin. 29, 6, 36, § 113:

    nocte et die,

    Liv. 25, 39;

    and simply die,

    Hor. S. 2, 1, 4; Quint. 10, 3, 8; cf.

    also: currus rogat ille paternos, Inque diem alipedum jus et moderamen equorum,

    Ov. M. 2, 48; and, connected with nox:

    (Themistocles) diem noctemque procul ab insula in salo navem tenuit in ancoris,

    Nep. Them. 8 fin.; cf. Cic. Div. 2, 27, 59; Liv. 22, 1 fin. —But more freq.: diem noctemque, like our day and night, i. q. without ceasing, uninterruptedly; Caes. B. G. 7, 77, 11; 7, 42 fin.; id. B. C. 1, 62;

    for which less freq.: diem et noctem,

    Hirt. B. Hisp. 38, 1;

    diem ac noctem,

    Liv. 27, 4 and 45:

    noctemque diemque,

    Verg. A. 8, 94; cf. Quint. 9, 4, 23:

    continuate nocte ac die itinere,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 11, 1; 3, 36, 8; and in plur.:

    dies noctesque,

    Plaut. Rud. 2, 3, 49; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 113; Cic. Att. 7, 9 fin.; Nep. Dat. 4, 4 et saep.; also, reversing the order: noctesque diesque, Enn. ap. Cic. de Sen. 1, 1 (Ann. v. 338 ed. Vahl.); Hor. S. 1, 1, 76:

    noctesque et dies,

    Ter. And. 4, 1, 52; id. Eun. 5, 8, 49:

    noctes atque dies,

    Lucr. 2, 12; 3, 62; Cic. Fin. 1, 16, 51; Verg. A. 6, 127 al.:

    noctes diesque,

    id. ib. 9, 488:

    noctes ac dies,

    Cic. Arch. 11, 29:

    noctes et dies,

    id. Brut. 90, 308; id. de Or. 1, 61, 260; id. Tusc. 5, 25 and 39; Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 49; cf.

    also: neque noctem neque diem intermittit,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 38:

    Galli dies... sic observant, ut noctem dies subsequatur,

    id. ib. 6, 18, 2 Herz ad loc. So, too, in gen.:

    qui nocte dieque frequentat Limina,

    Mart. 10, 58, 11:

    cum die,

    at break of day, Ov. M. 13, 677:

    orto die ( = orta luce),

    Tac. A. 1, 20; 1, 68; id. H. 2, 21:

    ante diem ( = ante lucem),

    Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 35:

    dies fit, late Lat. for lucescit,

    Vulg. Luc. 22, 66: de die, in open day, broad day; v. de.—
    3.
    Dies alicujus (like the Heb. ; v. Gesen. Lex. s. h. v.).
    a.
    I. q. dies natalis, a birthday:

    diem meum scis esse III. Non. Jan. Aderis igitur,

    Cic. Att. 13, 42, 2; cf.

    in full: natali die tuo,

    id. ib. 9, 5 al. So the anniversary day of the foundation of a city is, dies natalis urbis, Cic. Div. 2, 47, 98.—
    b.
    I. q. dies mortis, dying-day:

    quandocumque fatalis et meus dies veniet statuarque tumulo,

    Tac. Or. 13 fin. Called, also: supremus dies. Suet. Aug. 99; id. Tib. 67; cf.:

    supremus vitae dies,

    Cic. de Sen. 21, 78; Suet. Aug. 61. Hence:

    diem suum obire,

    to die, Sulp. in Cic. Fam. 4, 12, 2;

    and in the same sense: obire diem supremum,

    Nep. Milt. 7 fin.; id. Dion. 2 fin.; Suet. Claud. 1:

    exigere diem supremum,

    Tac. A. 3, 16:

    explere supremum diem,

    id. ib. 1, 6; 3, 76;

    and simply: obire diem,

    Plin. 2, 109, 112, § 248; Suet. Tib. 4; id. Vesp. 1; id. Gr. 3; cf.

    also: fungi diem,

    Just. 19, 1, 1.—
    c.
    I. q. dies febris, fever-day: etsi Non. Mart., [p. 574] die tuo, ut opinor, exspectabam epistolam a te longiorem, Cic. Att. 9, 2 init.; 7, 8, 2 al.
    II.
    Transf.
    A.
    In gen. (from no. I. A.).
    1.
    A day, for that which is done in it (cf. the Hebr., the Gr. eleutheron êmar, etc.):

    is dies honestissimus nobis fuerat in senatu,

    Cic. Fam. 1, 2, 3:

    non tam dirus ille dies Sullanus C. Mario,

    id. Att. 10, 8, 7:

    equites Romanos daturos illius diei poenas,

    id. Sest. 12, 28:

    hic dies et Romanis refecit animos et Persea perculit,

    Liv. 42, 67 Drak.; cf. id. 9, 39 fin.; Vell. 2, 35 Ruhnk.; 2, 86; Just. 9, 3 fin.; Flor. 2, 6, 58 Duker.:

    imponite quinquaginta annis magnum diem,

    Tac. Agr. 34:

    quid pulchrius hac consuetudine excutiendi totum diem?... totum diem mecum scrutor, facta ac dicta mea remetior, etc., Sen. de Ira, 3, 36: dies Alliensis, i. q. pugna Alliensis,

    Liv. 6, 1; Suet. Vit. 11:

    Cannensis,

    Flor. 4, 12, 35 al. And so even of one's state of mind on any particular day:

    qualem diem Tiberius induisset,

    what humor, temper, Tac. A. 6, 20. —
    2.
    A day's journey:

    hanc regionem, dierum plus triginta in longitudinem, decem inter duo maria in latitudinem patentem,

    Liv. 38, 59; Just. 36, 2, 14 al.—
    3.
    In gen. (like, hêmera, and our day, for) time, space of time, period:

    diem tempusque forsitan ipsum leniturum iras,

    Liv. 2, 45;

    so with tempus,

    id. 22, 39; 42, 50: amorem intercapedine ipse lenivit dies, Turp. ap. Non. 522, 7;

    so in the masc. gender: longus,

    Stat. Th. 1, 638; Luc. 3, 139;

    but also longa,

    Plaut. Epid. 4, 1, 18; Plin. Ep. 8, 5 fin.; cf.

    perexigua,

    a brief respite, Cic. Verr. 1, 2 fin.:

    nulla,

    Ov. M. 4, 372 al.:

    ex ea die ad hanc diem quae fecisti, in judicium voco,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 12 fin.:

    ut infringatur hominum improbitas ipsa die, quae debilitat cogitationes, etc.,

    id. Fam. 1, 6; cf. id. ib. 7, 28 fin.; id. Tusc. 3, 22, 53 al.: indutiae inde, non pax facta;

    quarum et dies exierat, et ante diem rebellaverant,

    i. e. the term of the truce, Liv. 4, 30 fin.; 30, 24; 42, 47 fin. (for which: quia tempus indutiarum cum Veienti populo exierat, id. 4, 58).—Prov.:

    dies adimit aegritudinem,

    Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 13: dies festus, festival-time, festival:—diem festum Dianae per triduum agi, Liv. 25, 23 et saep.:

    die lanam et agnos vendat,

    at the right time, Cato R. R. 150, 2:

    praesens quod fuerat malum, in diem abiit,

    to a future time, Ter. Ph. 5, 2, 16; so in diem, opp. statim, Q. Cic. Pet. cons. 12, 48;

    and simply in diem,

    Plaut. Mil. 3, 2, 48; Ter. Eun. 5, 7, 19; Cic. Cael. 24.—Esp. freq. in diem vivere, to live on from day to day, regardless of the future, Cic. de Or. 2, 40, 169; id. Tusc. 5, 11, 33; Plin. Ep. 5, 5, 4 et saep; cf. the equivoque with de die, under de.—
    B.
    In partic. (acc. to no. I. B. 2— poet., and in postAug. prose).
    1.
    Light of day, daylight:

    contraque diem radiosque micantes Obliquantem oculos,

    Ov. M. 7, 411; 5, 444; 13, 602:

    multis mensibus non cernitur dies,

    Plin. 33, 4, 21, § 70; Plin. Ep. 6, 20, 6; 9, 36, 2 al.; also of the eyesight, Stat. Th. 1, 237;

    and trop. of the conscience: saeva dies animi scelerumque in pectore Dirae,

    id. ib. 1, 52.—
    2.
    For caelum, the sky, the heavens:

    sub quocumque die, quocumque est sidere mundi,

    Luc. 7, 189; 1, 153:

    incendere diem nubes oriente remotae,

    id. 4, 68; 8, 217; Stat. Th. 1, 201.—Hence, like caelum,
    b.
    The weather:

    totumque per annum Durat aprica dies,

    Val. Fl. 1, 845:

    tranquillus,

    Plin. 2, 45, 44, § 115:

    mitis,

    id. 11, 10, 10, § 20:

    pestilens,

    id. 22, 23, 49, § 104.—
    3.
    The air:

    nigrique volumina fumi Infecere diem,

    Ov. M. 13, 600:

    cupio flatu violare diem,

    Claud. in Ruf. 1, 63.
    III.
    Dies personified.
    A.
    I. q. Sol, opp. Luna, Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 21;

    coupled with Mensis and Annus,

    Ov. M. 2, 25.—
    B.
    As fem., the daughter of Chaos, and mother of Heaven and Earth, Hyg. Fab. praef.; of the first Venus, Cic. N. D. 3, 23, 59.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > dies

  • 11 quisque

    quis-que, quaeque, quodque, and subst. quicque (quidque), pron. indef., whoever or whatever it be, each, every, every body, every one, every thing (prop. of more than two persons or things; cf.

    uterque): non tute incommodam rem, ut quaeque est, in animum induces pati?

    Ter. Hec. 4, 2, 27;

    ut in quo quisque artificio excelleret, is in suo genere Roscius diceretur,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 28, 130; id. Rep. 6, 24, 26:

    tantum quisque laudat, quantum se posse sperat imitari,

    id. Or. 7, 24:

    quod cuique obtigit, id quisque teneat,

    id. Off. 1, 7, 21:

    magni est judicis statuere, quid quemque cuique praestare oporteat,

    id. ib. 3, 17, 70:

    sibi quoque tendente, ut periculo prius evaderet,

    Liv. 21, 33:

    ut quaeque stellae in iis, finitimisque partibus sint quoque tempore,

    Cic. Div. 2, 42, 89:

    quamcumque rem a quoque cognorit,

    id. de Or. 1, 15, 67:

    scrobes ternorum pedum in quamque partem,

    Plin. 17, 22, 35, § 167:

    proximis quibusque correptis,

    Flor. 1, 9:

    prout quique monitione indigerent,

    Suet. Aug. 89.—With gen.:

    tuorum quisque necessariorum,

    Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 25:

    quantulum enim summae curtabit quisque dierum, Si,

    Hor. S. 2, 3, 124.—With comp.:

    quo quisque est sollertior, hoc docet laboriosius,

    Cic. Rosc. Com. 11, 31:

    quo majus quodque animal, eo, etc.,

    Cels. 2, 18:

    ut quique (pedes) sunt temporibus pleniores, hoc, etc.,

    Quint. 9, 4, 83:

    bonus liber melior est quisque, quo major,

    Plin. Ep. 1, 20, 4.—With sup., to express universality (quisque is then placed after the sup.; class. with sing. and neutr. plur.; rare with plur. masc. and fem.): doctissimus quisque, every learned man, i. e. all the learned, Cic. Tusc. 1, 31, 77:

    recentissima quaeque sunt correcta et emendata maxime,

    id. Ac. 1, 4, 13:

    in omni arte optimum quidque rarissimum est,

    id. Fin. 2, 25, 81:

    asperrima quaeque ad laborem deposcimus,

    Liv. 25, 6, 23; Suet. Caes. 44; Tac. A. 1, 24; Sen. Ep. 31, 1; Plin. Ep. 1, 5, 13:

    summum quodque spectate, milites, decus,

    Liv. 7, 32, 14; 23, 3, 14:

    antiquissimum quodque tempus,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 45:

    gravissima quaeque grana serere,

    Plin. 18, 8, 20, § 85.—With plur. masc. and fem.: optumi quique expetebant a me doctrinam sibi, Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 76:

    fortissimis quibusque amissis,

    Just. 5, 6, 3; Lact. Epit. 51, 2:

    multi mortales convenere... maxime proximi quique,

    Liv. 1, 9, 8; cf.:

    tot leges et proximae quaeque duriores,

    Cic. Off. 2, 21, 75; id. Lael. 10, 34:

    litterae longissimae quaeque,

    id. Fam. 7, 33, 2; id. Att. 16, 11, 2.—

    With ordinal numerals, to denote generality, universality (placed after the ordinal): vix decimus quisque est, qui ipsus se noverit,

    scarcely one in ten, Plaut. Ps. 4, 2, 17:

    tertio quoque verbo excitabatur,

    at every other word, Cic. Rab. Post. 12, 34: quinto quoque anno, every fifth year, i. e. every four years, id. Verr. 2, 2, 56, § 139:

    quinto quoque palo,

    Plin. 17, 22, 35, § 169.—Rarely of time (days, years, etc.), without an ordinal numeral:

    notentur, quae (ova) quoque die sint edita,

    Col. 8, 5, 4:

    annis quibusque,

    every year, Plin. 33, 3, 15, § 52.—With primus, the very first, the first possible:

    primo quoque tempore,

    as soon as possible, Cic. Phil. 3, 15, 39:

    primo quoque die,

    at the earliest day, as soon as possible, id. ib. 8, 11, 33:

    exercitui diem primam quamque dicere,

    the earliest day possible, Liv. 42, 48:

    primum quicque videamus,

    the very first, Cic. N. D. 3, 3, 7.— Quisque stands freq. in app. with plur. subst.:

    ubi quisque vident, eunt obviam,

    Plaut. Capt. 3, 2, 2:

    sibi quisque habeant, quod suom est,

    id. Curc. 1, 3, 24:

    decimus quisque ad supplicium lecti,

    Liv. 2, 59:

    octo delecti notissimus quisque,

    id. 7, 19, 2:

    (consules) in suas quisque provincias proficiscerentur,

    id. 25, 12, 2; 1, 44, 1;

    viri in vestibulo suarum quisque aedium stabant,

    Curt. 4, 4, 14:

    ultimi cum suis quisque ducibus,

    id. 3, 3, 25; 5, 2, 6; 6, 11, 20.— Often in connection with se, suus (in good prose almost always placed after the pron., Zumpt, Gram. § 701; cf.

    Krebs, Antibarb. p. 983): pro se quisque,

    Cic. Agr. 1, 9, 26:

    pro se quisque ad populum loquebatur,

    id. Verr. 2, 1, 27, § 68:

    ut quanti quisque se ipse faciat, tanti fiat ab amicis,

    id. Lael. 16, 56:

    suam quisque homo rem meminit,

    Plaut. Merc. 4, 5, 51:

    cum suo cuique judicio sit utendum,

    Cic. N. D. 3, 1, 1:

    edixit, ut quod quisque a sacris haberet, id in suum quidque fanum referret,

    id. ib. 3, 34, 84:

    quo feret natura sua quemque,

    id. Brut. 56, 204:

    dicere quos cupio nomine quemque suo,

    Ov. Tr. 3, 4, 64:

    quisque suos patimur Manes,

    Verg. A. 6, 743:

    suum quisque flagitium aliis objectantes,

    Tac. H. 2, 44:

    quos Poenus in civitates quemque suas dimisit,

    Liv. 21, 48, 2; cf. Just. 13, 6, 2; 33, 2, 8; Tac. A. 6, 37.—Quisque, of two, for uterque, each:

    oscula quisque suae matri properata tulerunt,

    Ov. F 2, 715:

    duas civitates ex unā factas: suos cuique parti magistratus, suas leges esse,

    Liv. 2, 44, 9; 2, 7, 1; 10, 12, 3; 27, 35, 3;

    for utercumque: ut cujusque populi cives vicissent, etc.,

    id. 1, 24, 3 (dub. al. cujus) — Quisque as fem. for quaeque, like quis (ante - class.):

    omnes meretrices, ubi quisque habitant, invenit,

    Plaut. Poen. prol. 107:

    quo quisque pacto hic vitam vostrarum exigat,

    Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 19.—
    II.
    Transf., for quicunque, whosoever, every one who, all that (ante- and postclass.):

    quemque videritis hominem,

    Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 5; id. As. 1, 3, 47; 2, 3, 24; Liv. 1, 24:

    at tu, quisque doles, amice lector,

    Sid. Ep. 4, 11 in carm.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > quisque

  • 12 iam

        iam adj.    I. Of time, at the moment, at the present moment, now, at this time, just now, at present: iam satis credis sobrium esse me, T.: saltūs reficit iam roscida luna, V.: Iam melior, iam, diva, precor, V.: iura ipsa iam certa propter vetustatem: iam iam intellego quid dicas, now, precisely now: Iam iam nulla mora est, V.—At the moment, just, at the time spoken of, then, now: iam ut limen exirem, T.: iam invesperascebat, L.: Helvetii iam traduxerant, etc., Cs.—Just, but now, a moment ago, a little while ago: primum iam de amore hoc comperit, T.: hiems iam praecipitaverat, Cs.: domum quam tu iam exaedificatum habebas.—Just now, forthwith, immediately, presently, straightway, directly: iam adero, T.: cum iam te adventare arbitraremur: iam faciam quod voltis, H.: Accede ad ignem... iam calesces, T.: iam hic conticescet furor, L.: Iam te premet nox, H.: Sed iam age, carpe viam, V.: Iam iam futurus rusticus, H.: iam inde a principio, from the very beginning: iam inde a consulatu meo, ever since.—Already, by this time, ere now, so soon: (animi) aut iam exhausti aut mox exhauriendi, L.: quia luserat Iam olim ille ludum, T.: vos, quem ad modum iam antea, defendite: antea iam, S.—At last, now, only now: iamque eum ad sanitatem reverti arbitrabatur, Cs.: iam tandem, L., V.—Already, by this time, ere now, till now, hitherto: amisso iam tempore: quos iam aetas a proeliis avocabat.—Until now, ever, all the time: dederas enim iam ab adulescentiā documenta: iam ab illo tempore, cum, etc., from the very time when, etc.: iam inde a puero, T.: iam ex quo, ever since, L.—With a neg, no longer: si iam principatum obtinere non possint, Cs.: si iam non potestis: cum iam defenderet nemo, Cs.: cum nulla iam proscriptionis mentio fieret: Nullane iam Troiae dicentur moenia? never more, V.— With comp, from time to time, gradually: inferiora habent rivos et iam humano cultu digniora loca, L.—In phrases, iam iamque, once and again, continually, every moment: iam iamque esse moriendum, that death is always impending: Caesar adventare iam iamque nuntiabatur, Cs.: iam iamque tenere Sperat, O.: iam iamque magis, more and more, V.: iam nunc, just now, at this very moment, even at this time: quae cum cogito, iam nunc timeo quidnam, etc.: dux, iam nunc togatus in urbe, L.: iam pridem (iampridem), long ago, long since, a long time ago: ad mortem te duci iam pridem oportebat: erat Iam pridem apud me, etc., T.: cupio equidem, et iam pridem cupio, etc., this long time: veritus ne traderetur Philippo, iam pridem hosti, L.—With dudum (iamdudum, iandudum), long since, long before, a long time ago, this long time: Iam dudum dixi idemque nunc dico, T.: quem iam dudum exspectat: iam dudum flebam, had long been weeping, O.—Forthwith, immediately, at once, directly (poet.): iam dudum sumite poenas, V.: expulsi iam dudum monte iuvenci petunt, etc., O.—With tum, at that very time, even then, then already: iam tum erat suspitio, etc., T.: se iam tum gessisse pro cive: iam tum dicione tenebat Sarrastīs populos, V.—With tunc, at that very time, even then: nisi iam tunc omnia negotia confecissem.—With diu, this long time, see diu.    II. Of assurance, in a conclusion, now, then surely, then, at once, no doubt: si cogites, remittas iam me onerare iniuriis, T.: si iubeat eo dirigi, iam in portu fore classem, L.: iam hoc scitis: quae cum ita sint, ego iam hinc praedico, L.—In transitions, now, moreover, again, once more, then, besides: iam de artificiis... haec fere accepimus: iam illud senatus consultum, quod, etc.: at enim iam dicetis virtutem non posse constitui, si, etc. —In enumerations, besides, too: et aures... itemque nares... iam gustatus... tactus autem.— Repeated: iam... iam, at one time... at another, now... now, at this time... at that, once... again: Qui iam contento, iam laxo fune laborat, H.: iam secundae, iam adversae res, L.—For emphasis, now, precisely, indeed: quem iam cur Peripateticum appellem, nescio: cetera iam fabulosa, Ta.—With et: et iam, and indeed, and in fact: et iam artifex, ut ita dicam, stilus: et orare et iam liberius accusare.—Rarely with ergo: iam ergo aliquis Condemnavit, in very truth.—After non modo... sed, now, even, I may say: non cum senatu modo, sed iam cum diis bellum gerere, L. —In climax, now, even, indeed, really: iam in opere quis par Romano miles? L.: iam illa perfugia minime sunt audienda.

    Latin-English dictionary > iam

  • 13 usque

    usquĕ, adv. [us- for ubs-, from ubi with locative s; and que for qued, old abl. of quis; v. Corss. Ausspr. 2, 471; 838; cf.: quisque, usquam].
    I.
    Lit., all the way to or from any limit of space, time, etc. (cf.: fine, tenus); of place, all the way, right on, without interruption, continuously, constantly.
    A.
    With prepositions.
    1.
    With ab:

    qui a fundamento mihi usque movisti mare,

    Plaut. Rud. 2, 6, 55:

    usque a mari supero Romam proficisci,

    Cic. Clu. 68, 192:

    ex omnibus spectaculis usque a Capitolio plausus excitatus,

    id. Sest. 58, 124:

    usque a rubro mari,

    Nep. Hann. 2, 1.— Poet.:

    Dardaniam Siculo prospexit ab usque Pachyno,

    Verg. A. 7, 289 (sometimes as one word, v. abusque).—
    2.
    With ex:

    usque ex ultimā Syriā atque Aegypto navigare,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 60, § 157. —
    3.
    With ad:

    usque a Dianio ad Sinopen navigaverunt,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 34, § 87:

    ab imis unguibus usque ad verticem summum,

    id. Rosc. Com. 7, 20:

    usque ad Iconium,

    id. Fam. 3, 8, 4:

    ab Atticā ad Thessaliam usque,

    Plin. 4, 12, 21, § 63:

    usque ad Numantiam misit,

    Cic. Dejot. 7, 19:

    usque ad castra hostium accessit,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 51 ( poet. and post-Aug. ad usque; often as one word, v. adusque).—
    4.
    With in and acc.:

    cum ad eum usque in Pamphyliam legatos misissent,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, 35:

    portūs usque in sinūs oppidis et ad urbis crepidines infusi,

    id. Rep. 3, 31, 43.—
    5.
    With trans:

    trans Alpes usque transfertur,

    Cic. Quint. 3, 12.—
    6.
    With sub and acc.:

    admōrunt oculis usque sub ora faces,

    Ov. Ib. 240 (236).—
    B.
    With adverbs of place:

    quod eos usque istinc exauditos putem,

    Cic. Att. 1, 14, 4.—
    2.
    Esp., with quaque (less correctly as one word, usquequaque; v. II. A. 3. e. and II. B. 3. infra), everywhere: non usque quaque idoneum invenias locum, ubi, etc., Afran. ap. Non. p. 518, 6 (Com. Rel. v. 198 Rib.):

    immo vero, quom usquequaque umbra'st, tamen Sol semper hic est,

    Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 79:

    mari terrāque illas usque quaque quaeritat,

    id. Poen. prol. 105:

    aut undique religionem tolle, aut usque quaque conserva,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 43, 110:

    effugere non est, Flacce, basiatores. Instant... occurrunt, et hinc et illinc, usquequaque, quacunque,

    Mart. 11, 98, 3; cf.:

    QVAQVE VSQVE,

    Inscr. Grut. 611, 13.—
    C.
    With acc. of the place whither, all the way to, as far as, to.
    1.
    With names of towns (class.; acc. to Reisig. Vorles. p. 216, usque ad Numantiam means all the way to the town, i. e. to its walls or gates: usque Numantiam, all the way to or into it, implying entrance of the town; cf.

    the passages cited infra): theatrum ita resonans, ut usque Romam significationes vocesque referantur,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 14, § 42:

    Miletum usque? obsecro,

    Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 21.—
    2.
    With other names than those of towns (post-Aug.):

    ab hac (sc. Siciliā) Cretam usque Siculum (mare) vocat,

    Plin. 3, 5, 10, § 75:

    imperium usque extremos Orientis terminos prolatum,

    Just. 7, 1, 4:

    terminos usque Libyae,

    id. 1, 1, 5:

    ab Atticā Thessaliam usque,

    Plin. 4, 12, 21, § 63:

    ab eo usque Jovem,

    id. 2, 22, 20, § 84:

    horrendus ab astris Descendit vos usque fragor,

    Stat. Th. 11, 89.—
    II.
    Meton.
    A.
    Of time, all the time, continually, perpetually, all the while from or to a period, as long or as far as, until.
    1.
    With prepositions.
    a.
    With ab:

    mihi magna cum eo jam inde usque a pueritiā Fuit semper familiaritas,

    Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 9:

    primus esses memoriter Progeniem nostram usque ab avo proferens,

    id. Phorm. 2, 3, 48:

    augures omnes usque a Romulo,

    Cic. Vatin. 8, 20:

    opinio jam usque ab heroicis ducta temporibus,

    from as far back as the heroic ages, id. Div. 1, 1, 1:

    usque a Thale Milesio,

    id. N. D. 1, 33, 91:

    bona paterna et avita et usque a nobis repetita,

    id. Cael. 14, 34.—
    b.
    With ad:

    usque a mane ad vesperum,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 97:

    a mane ad noctem usque in foro dego diem,

    id. Most. 3, 1, 3:

    inde usque ad diurnam stellam crastinam potabimus,

    id. Men. 1, 2, 62; cf. Cic. Rep. 1, 16, 25:

    ille nihil difficilius esse dicebat, quam amicitiam usque ad extremum vitae diem permanere,

    id. Lael. 10, 33:

    deinceps retro usque ad Romulum,

    as far as, up to, id. Rep. 1, 37, 58.—
    2.
    With acc. (post-Aug.):

    paucae, aegre se defen dentes, usque tempora Alexandri Magni duraverunt,

    Just. 2, 4, 32:

    a rege Romulo usque Caesarem Augustum,

    Flor. 1, prooem. 1 (al. usque in).—
    3.
    With adverbs.
    a.
    With inde:

    pueritiae memoriam recordari ultimam, inde usque repetens, etc.,

    Cic. Arch. 1, 1.—
    b.
    With antehac:

    ut animus in spe usque antehac attentus fuit, Ita, etc.,

    Ter. And. 2, 1, 3.—
    c.
    With adhuc:

    quod occultatum'st usque adhuc nunc non potest,

    Plaut. Aul. 2, 3, 10:

    qui me tam leni passus animost usque adhuc facere, etc.,

    Ter. And. 1, 5, 27:

    cessatum usque adhuc est,

    until now, hitherto, id. Ad. 4, 4, 23:

    qui mos usque adhuc est retentus,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 20, 35:

    usque adhuc certe animum meum probastis,

    Suet. Dom. 18; v. adhuc, II. A.—
    d.
    With eo:

    tamen usque eo se tenuit, quoad, etc.,

    Cic. Dejot. 4, 11:

    usque eo animadverti eum jocari,

    id. Rosc. Am. 22, 60; v. 2. eo, II. C.—
    e.
    With quaque, continually, always:

    Chrusalus mihi usque quaque loquitur nec recte,

    Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 83: usque quaque sapere oportet, Poët. ap. Cic. Fam. 7, 16, 1; so,

    usque quaque,

    Cat. 39, 2; Plin. Ep. 7, 20, 2; 1, 7, 5; Gell. 16, 3, 1:

    usquequaque, de hoc cum dicemus,

    whenever, Cic. Att. 4, 9, 1.—

    Opp. nusquam: atque hoc non alienum est, quod ad multa pertineat, ne aut nusquam aut usquequaque dicatur, hic admonere,

    Cic. Inv. 2, 21, 63.—
    f.
    With dum:

    usque dum regnum optinebit Juppiter,

    Plaut. Men. 5, 1, 28: conplebo familiam adeo usque satietatem dum capiet pater, id. Am. 1, 2, 9:

    usque id egi dudum, dum loquitur pater,

    Ter. Heaut. 5, 2, 30; Cato, R. R. 156:

    mihi quidem usque curae erit, quid agas, dum, quid egeris, sciero,

    Cic. Fam. 12, 19, 3; id. Verr. 2, 1, 5, § 12; 2, 1, 6, § 16; Hor. C. 3, 30, 7; cf. dum, I. B. 1. b. —
    g.
    With interea:

    nam usque dum ille vitam colet Inopem... Interea usque illi de me supplicium dabo,

    Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 84 sqq.—
    h.
    With donec:

    ibo odorans quasi canis venaticus Usque donec persecutus volpem ero vestigiis,

    Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 114. —
    k.
    With quoad:

    usque illum, quoad ei nuntiatum esset consules descendisse, omnibus exclusis commentatum, etc.,

    Cic. Brut. 22, 87:

    dandum ordeum, usque quoad erunt lactentes,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 7, 12.—
    1.
    With adeo:

    usque adeo in periculo fuisse, quoad, etc.,

    Cic. Sest. 38, 82; cf. Cato, R. R. 67:

    instare usque adeo, donec se adjurat,

    Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 40; id. Rud. 3, 5, 32: usque adeo, dum, C. Gracch. ap. Gell. 10, 3, 5; cf. Plaut. Am. 1, 2, 10 sub f. supra.—
    m.
    With nunc (post-class.):

    nunc usque,

    to this day, Amm. 14, 2, 12:

    usque nunc,

    Hier. Ep. 3, 87.—
    B.
    In other relations.
    1.
    Of extent or degree, even to, quite up to, or as far as.
    a.
    Absol.:

    ego vapulando, ille verberando, usque ambo defessi sumus,

    Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 5 Fleck. (al. verberando usque, ambo:

    incerta est distinctio, Don. ad loc.): poenasque dedit usque superque (= usque eo quod satis esset),

    Hor. S. 1, 2, 65.—
    b.
    With ad:

    usque ad ravim poscam,

    Plaut. Aul. 2, 5, 10:

    usque ad necem,

    Ter. And. 1, 2, 28:

    hoc malum usque ad bestias perveniat,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 43, 67:

    usque ad eum finem, dum, etc.,

    id. Verr. 1, 6, 16; v. dum: assenserunt consules designati, omnes etiam consulares usque ad Pompeium, up to, i. e. except Pompey, Plin. Ep. 2, 11, 20.—
    c.
    With adeo:

    undique totis Usque adeo turbatur agris,

    to so great an extent, Verg. E. 1, 12.—
    d.
    With terminal adverbs:

    Anco regi familiaris est factus (sc. L. Tarquinius) usque eo, ut, etc.,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 20, 35; v. eo, under is fin.:

    usque quo non vis subici mihi?

    how long? Vulg. Exod. 10, 3; cf. quousque.—
    2.
    Right on, always, without stop, continuously, constantly, incessantly: Ep. Ne abeas, priusquam ego ad te venero. Ap. Usque opperiar, Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 122:

    Ctesipho me pugnis miserum Usque occidit,

    Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 20:

    an usque In nostrum jacies verba superba caput?

    Prop. 2, 8, 16:

    cantantes licet usque, minus via laedit, eamus,

    Verg. E. 9, 64; cf.:

    nec vidisse semel satis est, juvat usque morari,

    id. A. 6, 487:

    naturam expelles furcā, tamen usque recurret,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 24.—Repeated:

    allatres licet usque nos et usque,

    Mart. 5, 60, 1:

    ergo, qui prius usque et usque et usque Furum scindere podices solebam,

    Auct. Priap. 78.—
    3.
    Esp.: usque quāque (less correctly as one word, usquequaque), in every thing, on every occasion:

    nolite usque quaque idem quaerere,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 5, § 10:

    an hoc usque quaque, aliter in vitā?

    id. Fin. 5, 30, 91 Madv. ad loc.:

    et id usquequaque quantum sit appareat,

    in each particular, id. Or. 22, 73; Plin. Ep. 7, 12, 5:

    religionum usque quaque contemptor, praeter unius Deae Syriae,

    Suet. Ner. 56 init.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > usque

  • 14 quis-que

        quis-que quaeque, quidque, and    （adj.) quodque, pron. indef, whoever it be, whatever, each, each one, every, everybody, every one, everything (of more than two): ut quisque venerat, Accedebam, i. e. whoever arrived, T.: mens cuiusque is est quisque, the mind is the man: quod quisque imperator habeat: statuere, quid quemque cuique praestare oporteat: sibi quoque tendente, ut periculo prius evaderet, L.: quis quosque nostrum loquatur: Quantulum enim summae curtabit quisque dierum, Si, etc., H.: quo quisque est sollertior, hoc docet laboriosius: Quanto quisque sibi plura negaverit, H.—Sing. with plur apposit.: decimus quisque ad supplicium lecti, L.: ultimi cum suis quisque ducibus, Cu.— Plur: ut quosque studium aut gratia occupaverunt, i. e. them severally, L.: quae apud quosque visenda sunt: Singula quaeque locum teneant, H.—After a sup., of an entire class: optimus quisque ita loquebatur, i. e. all noblemen: doctissimus quisque, every man of learning: asperrima quaeque ad laborem deposcimus, L.: antiquissimum quodque tempus, Cs.—Plur. (usu. when the whole consists of several groups): in optimis quibusque gloriae certamen, i. e. in cases of friendship between eminent men: multi mortales convenere... maxime proximi quique, L.: litterae longissimae quaeque.—With primus or proximus, always the first, at each earliest time, as soon as possible in each case: primum quidque videamus, i. e. let us take up the first point first: si quis fecerit... de eius honore primo quoque die referant: ne proxima quaeque amoliendo aditum facerent, L.: primo quoque tempore, as soon as possible, the earliest possible moment, C., L.—After an ordinal num: tertio quoque verbo excitabantur, at every other word: quinto quoque anno, i. e. every four years.—After a pron reflex., each for himself, severally, individually, without exception: pro se quisque: ut quanti quisque se ipse faciat, tanti fiat ab amicis: quo ferat natura sua quemque: ut pro suā quisque patriā dimicent ferro, L.—Rarely before the pron: quisque suos patimur Manes, V.: quos Poenus in civitates quemque suas dimisit, L.—For uter, each: Oscula quisque suae matri properata tulerunt, O.—Quisque as fem. for quaeque: quo quisque pacto hic vitam vostrorum exigit, T.

    Latin-English dictionary > quis-que

  • 15 cum or (earlier) quom (not quum)

        cum or (earlier) quom (not quum) conj.    [1 CA-].    I. Prop., of time (cum temporale), constr. with indic. in an independent assertion; with subj. in a subordinate statement.—Fixing a point of time, when, at the time when: Lacrumo, quom in mentem venit, now that, T.: auditis, cum ea breviter dicuntur: eo cum venio: Postera cum lustrabat terras dies, V.: cum contionem habuit: cum proxime Romae fui: cum Italia vexata est: cum stellas fugarat dies, V.: quom non potest haberi, cupis, T.: tempus cum pater iacebat: eo tempore, cum necesse erat: memini noctis illius, cum pollicebar: tunc, cum adempta sunt arma, L.: etiam tum, cum verisimile erit, latratote, not until: cum peroraro, tum requiratis: cum signum dedero, tum invadite, L.: sese, cum opus esset, signum daturum, Cs.: sua bona, cum causae dicendae data facultas sit, tum se experturum, L. — Fixing or defining a period of time, when, while, during the time that, as, as long as, after: Alium esse censes nunc me, atque olim quom dabam? T.: risum vix tenebam, cum comparabas, etc.: tum, cum illum exterminari volebam, putabam, etc.: Hasdrubal, cum haec gerebantur, apud Syphaeum erat, L.—Of repeated action, when, whenever, at times when, as often as, always... when, if: omnes, quom valemus, recta consilia aegrotis damus, T.: cum permagna praemia sunt, est causa peccandi: Cum furit... Profuit aestūs avertere, V.: cum cogniti sunt, retinent caritatem: cum rosam viderat, tum incipere ver arbitrabatur, never until.—In clauses stating a fact, the point or period of time fixed by the main sentence (cum inversum), when, at the time when, and at this time, and meanwhile, and yet: longe iam abieram, quom sensi, T.: dies nondum decem intercesserant, cum filius necatur: Vix ea fatus erat, cum scindit se nubes, V.: multum diei processerat, cum etiamtum eventus in incerto erat, S.: nondum lucebat, cum scitum est: iamque hoc facere apparabant, cum matres procurrerunt, Cs.: Et iam phalanx ibat... flammas cum puppis Extulerat, V.: anni sunt octo, cum interea invenitis, etc.: cum interim milites domum obsidere coeperunt: nondum centum anni sunt, cum lata lex est.—Describing a time by natural events, when, while, as soon as: ipsi, cum iam dilucesceret, deducuntur: cum lux adpropinquaret.—In narration, describing the occasion or circumstances of an action (cum historicum), when, on the occasion that, under the circumstances that, while, after.—With imperf: Magistratus quom ibi adesset, occeptast agi, T.: Marius, cum secaretur, vetuit se adligari: Caesar cum ab hoste non amplius abesset... legati revertuntur, Cs.: heri, cum vos non adessetis: cum ad tribum Polliam ventum est, et praeco cunctaretur, ‘cita,’ inquit, etc., L.: Socrates, cum XXX tyranni essent, pedem portā non extulit, as long as: vidi, Cum tu terga dares, O.: is cum interrogaretur... respondit.—With maxime, just as, precisely when: Caesar, cum maxime furor arderet Antoni, exercitum comparavit: cum maxime agmen explicaretur, adoriuntur, L. — With perf: hic pagus, cum domo exisset, Cassium interfecerat, Cs.: cum domos vacuas fecissent, iunguntur nuptiis, L.: cum fanum expilavisset, navigabat Syracusas. — Of repeated occasions, when, whenever, on every occasion that, as often as.—With imperf: dispersos, cum longius procederent, adoriebatur, Cs.: saepe, cum aliquem videret, etc., on seeing, N.: numquam est conspectus, cum veniret. — With pluperf: Cum cohortes ex acie procucurrissent, Numidae effugiebant, Cs.: qui cum in convivium venisset: quantum obfuit multis, cum fecissent, etc.—Describing a time named in the principal sentence, when, such that, in which: Si ullum fuit tempus quom ego fuerim, etc., T.: fuit antea tempus, cum Galli superarent, Cs.: vigesimo anno, cum tot praetores in provinciā fuissent: eodem anno, cum omnia infida essent, L.: biduum supererat, cum frumentum metiri oporteret, in which, Cs.: fuit cum arbitrarer, etc.: audivi cum diceret, etc.—    II. Meton., of identical actions, when, in that, by the fact that: Qui quom hunc accusant, Naevium accusant, T.: quae cum taces, nulla esse concedis: quod cum facit, iudicat, etc.: senatum intueri videor, cum te videor, L.: loco ille motus est, cum ex urbe est depulsus: quod cum dederis, illud dederis, ut, etc.: illa scelera, cum eius domum evertisti (which you committed) in uprooting: purgatio est cum factum conceditur, culpa removetur.—In hypothesis, assuming a fact, when, if: ad cuius fidem confugiet, cum per eius fidem laeditur, etc.—Contrary to fact, when, if, if at such a time: haec neque cum ego dicerem, neque cum tu negares, magni momenti nostra esset oratio: quod esset iudicium, cum tres... adsedissent?—Explaining a feeling, etc., that, because, for: Dis habeo gratiam, Quom adfuerunt liberae, T.: gratulor tibi, cum tantum vales. — As connective, correl. with tum, while, when; cum... tum, as... so, both... and, and besides, while... especially: Quom id mihi placebat, tum omnes bona dicere, T.: cum omnes eo convenerant, tum navium quod ubique fuerat coëgerant, Cs.: qui cum multa providit, tum quod te consulem non vidit: movit patres cum causa, tum auctor, L.—In the adverb. phrase cum maxime, with ellips. of predicate, in the highest degree, most: hanc Amabat, ut quom maxime, tum Pamphilus, as much as ever, T.: ea, quae fiunt cum maxime, i. e. at this very moment: sed cum maxime tamen hoc significabat, precisely this: quae multos iam annos, et nunc cum maxime, cupit.—    III. Praegn., giving a cause or reason (cum causale), when, since, because, inasmuch as, seeing that, in that, in view of the fact that: haud invito sermo mi accessit tuos, Quom... intellego, T.: Deos quaeso ut sit superstes, Quom veritust facere, etc., T.: an pater familiarissimis suscensuit, cum Sullam laudarent? for praising: quae cum ita sint, videamus, etc.: cum longinqua instet militia, commeatum do, L.: cum tanta multitudo tela conicerent, potestas erat, etc., Cs.: cum esset egens, coepit, etc.: Caesar cum constituisset hiemare in continenti, obsides imperat, Cs.—So often nunc cum, now that, since in fact: nunc vero cum sit unus Pompeius.—Often with praesertim, especially since, more than all when: nam puerum non tollent... Praesertim quom sit, etc., T.: cum praesertim vos aliam miseritis.—With quippe, since evidently, since of course: nihil est virtute amabilius... quippe cum propter virtutem diligamus, etc. — In contrasts, when, while, whereas, while on the contrary, and yet (cum adversativum): finem faciam dicundi, quom ipse finem non facit? T.: quo tandem ore mentionem facitis... cum fateamini, etc.: cum maximis eum rebus liberares... culpam relinquebas: simulat se confiteri, cum interea aliud machinetur.—In concessions, when, although, notwithstanding (cum concessivum): nil quom est, nil defit tamen, T.: pecuniam facere cum posset, non statuit: cum aquae vim vehat ingentem (Druentia), non tamen navium patiens est, L.: patrem meum, cum proscriptus non esset, ingulastis: quam causam dixerat, cum annos ad quinquaginta natus esset?

    Latin-English dictionary > cum or (earlier) quom (not quum)

  • 16 ab

    ăb, ā, abs, prep. with abl. This IndoEuropean particle (Sanscr. apa or ava, Etr. av, Gr. upo, Goth. af, Old Germ. aba, New Germ. ab, Engl. of, off) has in Latin the following forms: ap, af, ab (av), au-, a, a; aps, abs, as-. The existence of the oldest form, ap, is proved by the oldest and best MSS. analogous to the prep. apud, the Sanscr. api, and Gr. epi, and by the weakened form af, which, by the rule of historical grammar and the nature of the Latin letter f, can be derived only from ap, not from ab. The form af, weakened from ap, also very soon became obsolete. There are but five examples of it in inscriptions, at the end of the sixth and in the course of the seventh century B. C., viz.:

    AF VOBEIS,

    Inscr. Orell. 3114;

    AF MVRO,

    ib. 6601;

    AF CAPVA,

    ib. 3308;

    AF SOLO,

    ib. 589;

    AF LYCO,

    ib. 3036 ( afuolunt =avolant, Paul. ex Fest. p. 26 Mull., is only a conjecture). In the time of Cicero this form was regarded as archaic, and only here and there used in account-books; v. Cic. Or. 47, 158 (where the correct reading is af, not abs or ab), and cf. Ritschl, Monum. Epigr. p. 7 sq.—The second form of this preposition, changed from ap, was ab, which has become the principal form and the one most generally used through all periods—and indeed the only oue used before all vowels and h; here and there also before some consonants, particularly l, n, r, and s; rarely before c, j, d, t; and almost never before the labials p, b, f, v, or before m, such examples as ab Massiliensibus, Caes. B. C. 1, 35, being of the most rare occurrence.—By changing the b of ab through v into u, the form au originated, which was in use only in the two compounds aufero and aufugio for abfero, ab-fugio; aufuisse for afuisse, in Cod. Medic. of Tac. A. 12, 17, is altogether unusual. Finally, by dropping the b of ab, and lengthening the a, ab was changed into a, which form, together with ab, predominated through all periods of the Latin language, and took its place before all consonants in the later years of Cicero, and after him almoet exclusively.—By dropping the b without lengthening the a, ab occurs in the form a- in the two compounds a-bio and a-perio, q. v.—On the other hand, instead of reducing ap to a and a, a strengthened collateral form, aps, was made by adding to ap the letter s (also used in particles, as in ex, mox, vix). From the first, aps was used only before the letters c, q, t, and was very soon changed into abs (as ap into ab):

    abs chorago,

    Plaut. Pers. 1, 3, 79 (159 Ritschl):

    abs quivis,

    Ter. Ad. 2, 3, 1:

    abs terra,

    Cato, R. R. 51;

    and in compounds: aps-cessero,

    Plaut. Trin. 3, 1, 24 (625 R.); id. ib. 3, 2, 84 (710 R): abs-condo, abs-que, abs-tineo, etc. The use of abs was confined almost exclusively to the combination abs te during the whole ante-classic period, and with Cicero till about the year 700 A. U. C. (=B. C. 54). After that time Cicero evidently hesitates between abs te and a te, but during the last five or six years of his life a te became predominant in all his writings, even in his letters; consequently abs te appears but rarely in later authors, as in Liv. 10, 19, 8; 26, 15, 12;

    and who, perhaps, also used abs conscendentibus,

    id. 28, 37, 2; v. Drakenb. ad. h. l. (Weissenb. ab).—Finally abs, in consequence of the following p, lost its b, and became ds- in the three compounds aspello, as-porto, and as-pernor (for asspernor); v. these words.—The late Lat. verb abbrevio may stand for adbrevio, the d of ad being assimilated to the following b.The fundamental signification of ab is departure from some fixed point (opp. to ad. which denotes motion to a point).
    I.
    In space, and,
    II.
    Fig., in time and other relations, in which the idea of departure from some point, as from source and origin, is included; Engl. from, away from, out of; down from; since, after; by, at, in, on, etc.
    I.
    Lit., in space: ab classe ad urbem tendunt, Att. ap. Non. 495, 22 (Trag. Rel. p. 177 Rib.):

    Caesar maturat ab urbe proficisci,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 7:

    fuga ab urbe turpissima,

    Cic. Att. 7, 21:

    ducite ab urbe domum, ducite Daphnim,

    Verg. E. 8, 68. Cicero himself gives the difference between ab and ex thus: si qui mihi praesto fuerit cum armatis hominibus extra meum fundum et me introire prohibuerit, non ex eo, sed ab ( from, away from) eo loco me dejecerit....Unde dejecti Galli? A Capitolio. Unde, qui cum Graccho fucrunt? Ex Capitolio, etc., Cic. Caecin. 30, 87; cf. Diom. p. 408 P., and a similar distinction between ad and in under ad.—Ellipt.: Diogenes Alexandro roganti, ut diceret, si quid opus esset: Nunc quidem paululum, inquit, a sole, a little out of the sun, Cic. Tusc. 5, 32, 92. —Often joined with usque:

    illam (mulierem) usque a mari supero Romam proficisci,

    all the way from, Cic. Clu. 68, 192; v. usque, I.—And with ad, to denote the space passed over: siderum genus ab ortu ad occasum commeant, from... to, Cic. N. D. 2, 19 init.; cf. ab... in:

    venti a laevo latere in dextrum, ut sol, ambiunt,

    Plin. 2, 47, 48, § 128.
    b.
    Sometimes with names of cities and small islands, or with domus (instead of the usual abl.), partie., in militnry and nautieal language, to denote the marching of soldiers, the setting out of a flcet, or the departure of the inhabitants from some place:

    oppidum ab Aenea fugiente a Troja conditum,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 33:

    quemadmodum (Caesar) a Gergovia discederet,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 43 fin.; so id. ib. 7, 80 fin.; Sall. J. 61; 82; 91; Liv. 2, 33, 6 al.; cf.:

    ab Arimino M. Antonium cum cohortibus quinque Arretium mittit,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 11 fin.; and:

    protinus a Corfinio in Siciliam miserat,

    id. ib. 1, 25, 2:

    profecti a domo,

    Liv. 40, 33, 2;

    of setting sail: cum exercitus vestri numquam a Brundisio nisi hieme summa transmiserint,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, 32; so id. Fam. 15, 3, 2; Caes. B. C. 3, 23; 3, 24 fin.:

    classe qua advecti ab domo fuerant,

    Liv. 8, 22, 6;

    of citizens: interim ab Roma legatos venisse nuntiatum est,

    Liv. 21, 9, 3; cf.:

    legati ab Orico ad M. Valerium praetorem venerunt,

    id. 24, 40, 2.
    c.
    Sometimes with names of persons or with pronouns: pestem abige a me, Enn. ap. Cic. Ac. 2, 28, 89 (Trag. v. 50 Vahl.):

    Quasi ad adulescentem a patre ex Seleucia veniat,

    Plaut. Trin. 3, 3, 41; cf.:

    libertus a Fuflis cum litteris ad Hermippum venit,

    Cic. Fl. 20, 47:

    Nigidium a Domitio Capuam venisse,

    id. Att. 7, 24:

    cum a vobis discessero,

    id. Sen. 22:

    multa merces tibi defluat ab Jove Neptunoque,

    Hor. C. 1, 28, 29 al. So often of a person instead of his house, lodging, etc.: videat forte hic te a patre aliquis exiens, from the father, i. e. from his house, Ter. Heaut. 2, 2, 6:

    so a fratre,

    id. Phorm. 5, 1, 5:

    a Pontio,

    Cic. Att. 5, 3 fin.:

    ab ea,

    Ter. And. 1, 3, 21; and so often: a me, a nobis, a se, etc., from my, our, his house, etc., Plaut. Stich. 5, 1, 7; Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 50; Cic. Att. 4, 9, 1 al.
    B.
    Transf., without the idea of motion. To designate separation or distance, with the verbs abesse, distare, etc., and with the particles longe, procul, prope, etc.
    1.
    Of separation:

    ego te afuisse tam diu a nobis dolui,

    Cic. Fam. 2, 1, 2:

    abesse a domo paulisper maluit,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 18, § 39:

    tum Brutus ab Roma aberat,

    Sall. C. 40, 5:

    absint lacerti ab stabulis,

    Verg. G. 4, 14.—
    2.
    Of distance:

    quot milia fundus suus abesset ab urbe,

    Cic. Caecin. 10, 28; cf.:

    nos in castra properabamus, quae aberant bidui,

    id. Att. 5, 16 fin.; and:

    hic locus aequo fere spatio ab castris Ariovisti et Caesaris aberat,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 43, 1:

    terrae ab hujusce terrae, quam nos incolimus, continuatione distantes,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 66, 164:

    non amplius pedum milibus duobus ab castris castra distabant,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 82, 3; cf. id. lb. 1, 3, 103.—With adverbs: annos multos longinque ab domo bellum gerentes, Enn. ap. Non. 402, 3 (Trag. v. 103 Vahl.):

    cum domus patris a foro longe abesset,

    Cic. Cael. 7, 18 fin.; cf.:

    qui fontes a quibusdam praesidiis aberant longius,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 49, 5:

    quae procul erant a conspectu imperii,

    Cic. Agr. 2, 32, 87; cf.:

    procul a castris hostes in collibus constiterunt,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 17, 1; and:

    tu procul a patria Alpinas nives vides,

    Verg. E. 10, 46 (procul often also with simple abl.;

    v. procul): cum esset in Italia bellum tam prope a Sicilia, tamen in Sicilia non fuit,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 2, § 6; cf.:

    tu apud socrum tuam prope a meis aedibus sedebas,

    id. Pis. 11, 26; and:

    tam prope ab domo detineri,

    id. Verr. 2, 2, 3, § 6.—So in Caesar and Livy, with numerals to designate the measure of the distance:

    onerariae naves, quae ex eo loco ab milibus passuum octo vento tenebatur,

    eight miles distant, Caes. B. G. 4, 22, 4; and without mentioning the terminus a quo: ad castra contenderunt, et ab milibus passunm minus duobus castra posuerunt, less than two miles off or distant, id. ib. 2, 7, 3; so id. ib. 2, 5, 32; 6, 7, 3; id. B. C. 1, 65; Liv. 38, 20, 2 (for which:

    duo milia fere et quingentos passus ab hoste posuerunt castra,

    id. 37, 38, 5). —
    3.
    To denote the side or direction from which an object is viewed in its local relations,=a parte, at, on, in: utrum hacin feriam an ab laeva latus? Enn. ap. Plaut. Cist. 3, 10 (Trag. v. 38 Vahl.); cf.:

    picus et cornix ab laeva, corvos, parra ab dextera consuadent,

    Plaut. As. 2, 1, 12: clamore ab ea parte audito. on this side, Caes. B. G. 3, 26, 4: Gallia Celtica attingit ab Sequanis et Helvetiis flumen Rhenum, on the side of the Sequani, i. e. their country, id. ib. 1, 1, 5:

    pleraque Alpium ab Italia sicut breviora ita arrectiora sunt,

    on the Italian side, Liv. 21, 35, 11:

    non eadem diligentia ab decumuna porta castra munita,

    at the main entrance, Caes. B. G. 3, 25 fin.:

    erat a septentrionibus collis,

    on the north, id. ib. 7, 83, 2; so, ab oriente, a meridie, ab occasu; a fronte, a latere, a tergo, etc. (v. these words).
    II.
    Fig.
    A.
    In time.
    1.
    From a [p. 3] point of time, without reference to the period subsequently elapsed. After:

    Exul ab octava Marius bibit,

    Juv. 1,40:

    mulieres jam ab re divin[adot ] adparebunt domi,

    immediately after the sucrifice, Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 4:

    Caesar ab decimae legionis cohortatione ad dextrum cornu profectus,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 25, 1:

    ab hac contione legati missi sunt,

    immediately after, Liv. 24, 22, 6; cf. id. 28, 33, 1; 40, 47, 8; 40, 49, 1 al.:

    ab eo magistratu,

    after this office, Sall. J. 63, 5:

    a summa spe novissima exspectabat,

    after the greatest hope, Tac. A. 6, 50 fin. —Strengthened by the adverbs primum, confestim, statim, protinus, or the adj. recens, immediately after, soon after:

    ut primum a tuo digressu Romam veni,

    Cic. Att. 1, 5, 4; so Suet. Tib. 68:

    confestim a proelio expugnatis hostium castris,

    Liv. 30, 36, 1:

    statim a funere,

    Suet. Caes. 85;

    and followed by statim: ab itinere statim,

    id. ib. 60:

    protinus ab adoptione,

    Vell. 2, 104, 3:

    Homerus qui recens ab illorum actate fuit,

    soon after their time, Cic. N. D. 3, 5; so Varr. R. R. 2, 8, 2; Verg. A. 6, 450 al. (v. also primum, confestim, etc.).—

    Sometimes with the name of a person or place, instead of an action: ibi mihi tuae litterae binae redditae sunt tertio abs te die,

    i. e. after their departure from you, Cic. Att. 5, 3, 1: in Italiam perventum est quinto mense a Carthagine Nov[adot ], i. e. after leaving (=postquam a Carthagine profecti sunt), Liv. 21, 38, 1:

    secundo Punico (bello) Scipionis classis XL. die a securi navigavit,

    i. e. after its having been built, Plin. 16, 39, 74, § 192. —Hence the poct. expression: ab his, after this (cf. ek toutôn), i. e. after these words, hereupon, Ov. M. 3, 273; 4, 329; 8, 612; 9, 764.
    2.
    With reference to a subsequent period. From, since, after:

    ab hora tertia bibebatur,

    from the third hour, Cic. Phil. 2, 41:

    infinito ex tempore, non ut antea, ab Sulla et Pompeio consulibus,

    since the consulship of, id. Agr. 2, 21, 56:

    vixit ab omni aeternitate,

    from all eternity, id. Div. 1, 51, 115:

    cum quo a condiscipulatu vivebat conjunctissime,

    Nep. Att. 5, 3:

    in Lycia semper a terrae motu XL. dies serenos esse,

    after an earthquake, Plin. 2, 96, 98, § 211 al.:

    centesima lux est haec ab interitu P. Clodii,

    since the death of, Cic. Mil. 35, 98; cf.:

    cujus a morte quintus hic et tricesimus annus est,

    id. Sen. 6, 19; and:

    ab incenso Capitolio illum esse vigesumiun annum,

    since, Sall. C. 47, 2:

    diebus triginta, a qua die materia caesa est,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 36.—Sometimes joined with usque and inde:

    quod augures omnes usque ab Romulo decreverunt,

    since the time of, Cic. Vat. 8, 20:

    jam inde ab infelici pugna ceciderant animi,

    from the very beginning of, Liv. 2, 65 fin. —Hence the adverbial expressions ab initio, a principio, a primo, at, in, or from the beginning, at first; v. initium, principium, primus. Likewise ab integro, anew, afresh; v. integer.—Ab... ad, from (a time)... to:

    ab hora octava ad vesperum secreto collocuti sumus,

    Cic. Att. 7, 8, 4; cf.:

    cum ab hora septima ad vesperum pugnatum sit,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 26, 2; and:

    a quo tempore ad vos consules anni sunt septingenti octoginta unus,

    Vell. 1, 8, 4; and so in Plautus strengthened by usque:

    pugnata pugnast usque a mane ad vesperum,

    from morning to evening, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 97; id. Most. 3, 1, 3; 3, 2, 80.—Rarely ab... in: Romani ab sole orto in multum diei stetere in acie, from... till late in the day, Liv. 27, 2, 9; so Col. 2, 10, 17; Plin. 2, 31, 31, § 99; 2, 103, 106, § 229; 4, 12, 26, § 89.
    b.
    Particularly with nouns denoting a time of life:

    qui homo cum animo inde ab ineunte aetate depugnat suo,

    from an early age, from early youth, Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 24; so Cic. Off. 2, 13, 44 al.:

    mihi magna cum co jam inde a pueritia fuit semper famillaritas,

    Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 9; so,

    a pueritia,

    Cic. Tusc. 2, 11, 27 fin.; id. Fam. 5, 8, 4:

    jam inde ab adulescentia,

    Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 16:

    ab adulescentia,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 1:

    jam a prima adulescentia,

    id. Fam. 1, 9, 23:

    ab ineunte adulescentia,

    id. ib. 13, 21, 1; cf.

    followed by ad: usque ad hanc aetatem ab incunte adulescentia,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 20:

    a primis temporibus aetatis,

    Cic. Fam. 4, 3, 3:

    a teneris unguiculis,

    from childhood, id. ib. 1, 6, 2:

    usque a toga pura,

    id. Att. 7, 8, 5:

    jam inde ab incunabulis,

    Liv. 4, 36, 5:

    a prima lanugine,

    Suet. Oth. 12:

    viridi ab aevo,

    Ov. Tr. 4, 10, 17 al.;

    rarely of animals: ab infantia,

    Plin. 10, 63, 83, § 182.—Instead of the nom. abstr. very often (like the Greek ek paioôn, etc.) with concrete substantives: a pucro, ab adulescente, a parvis, etc., from childhood, etc.:

    qui olim a puero parvulo mihi paedagogus fuerat,

    Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 90; so,

    a pausillo puero,

    id. Stich. 1, 3, 21:

    a puero,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 36, 115; id. Fam. 13, 16, 4 (twice) al.:

    a pueris,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 24, 57; id. de Or. 1, 1, 2 al.:

    ab adulescente,

    id. Quint. 3, 12:

    ab infante,

    Col. 1, 8, 2:

    a parva virgine,

    Cat. 66, 26 al. —Likewise and in the same sense with adject.: a parvo, from a little child, or childhood, Liv. 1, 39, 6 fin.; cf.:

    a parvis,

    Ter. And. 3, 3, 7; Cic. Leg. 2, 4, 9:

    a parvulo,

    Ter. And. 1, 1, 8; id. Ad. 1, 1, 23; cf.:

    ab parvulis,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 21, 3:

    ab tenero,

    Col. 5, 6, 20;

    and rarely of animals: (vacca) a bima aut trima fructum ferre incipit,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 13.
    B.
    In other relations in which the idea of going forth, proceeding, from something is included.
    1.
    In gen. to denote departure, separation, deterring, avoiding, intermitting, etc., or distance, difference, etc., of inanimate or abstract things. From: jus atque aecum se a malis spernit procul, Enn. ap. Non. 399, 10 (Trag. v. 224 Vahl.):

    suspitionem et culpam ut ab se segregent,

    Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 42:

    qui discessum animi a corpore putent esse mortem,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 9, 18:

    hic ab artificio suo non recessit,

    id. ib. 1, 10, 20 al.:

    quod si exquiratur usque ab stirpe auctoritas,

    Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 180:

    condicionem quam ab te peto,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 87; cf.:

    mercedem gloriae flagitas ab iis, quorum, etc.,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 15, 34:

    si quid ab illo acceperis,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 90:

    quae (i. e. antiquitas) quo propius aberat ab ortu et divina progenie,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 12, 26:

    ab defensione desistere,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 12, 4:

    ne quod tempus ab opere intermitteretur,

    id. B. G. 7, 24, 2:

    ut homines adulescentis a dicendi studio deterream,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 25, 117, etc.—Of distance (in order, rank, mind, or feeling):

    qui quartus ab Arcesila fuit,

    the fourth in succession from, Cic. Ac. 1, 12, 46:

    tu nunc eris alter ab illo,

    next after him, Verg. E. 5, 49; cf.:

    Aiax, heros ab Achille secundus,

    next in rank to, Hor. S. 2, 3, 193:

    quid hoc ab illo differt,

    from, Cic. Caecin. 14, 39; cf.:

    hominum vita tantum distat a victu et cultu bestiarum,

    id. Off. 2, 4, 15; and:

    discrepare ab aequitate sapientiam,

    id. Rep. 3, 9 fin. (v. the verbs differo, disto, discrepo, dissideo, dissentio, etc.):

    quae non aliena esse ducerem a dignitate,

    Cic. Fam. 4, 7:

    alieno a te animo fuit,

    id. Deiot. 9, 24 (v. alienus). —So the expression ab re (qs. aside from the matter, profit; cf. the opposite, in rem), contrary to one's profit, to a loss, disadvantageous (so in the affirmative very rare and only ante-class.):

    subdole ab re consulit,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 12; cf. id. Capt. 2, 2, 88; more frequently and class. (but not with Cicero) in the negative, non, haud, ab re, not without advantage or profit, not useless or unprofitable, adcantageous:

    haut est ab re aucupis,

    Plaut. As. 1, 3, 71:

    non ab re esse Quinctii visum est,

    Liv. 35, 32, 6; so Plin. 27, 8, 35; 31, 3, 26; Suet. Aug. 94; id. Dom. 11; Gell. 18, 14 fin.; App. Dogm. Plat. 3, p. 31, 22 al. (but in Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 44, ab re means with respect to the money matter).
    2.
    In partic.
    a.
    To denote an agent from whom an action proceeds, or by whom a thing is done or takes place. By, and in archaic and solemn style, of. So most frequently with pass. or intrans. verbs with pass. signif., when the active object is or is considered as a living being: Laudari me abs te, a laudato viro, Naev. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 31, 67: injuria abs te afficior, Enn. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 24, 38:

    a patre deductus ad Scaevolam,

    Cic. Lael. 1, 1:

    ut tamquam a praesentibus coram haberi sermo videretur,

    id. ib. 1, 3:

    disputata ab eo,

    id. ib. 1, 4 al.:

    illa (i. e. numerorum ac vocum vis) maxime a Graecia vetere celebrata,

    id. de Or. 3, 51, 197:

    ita generati a natura sumus,

    id. Off. 1, 29, 103; cf.:

    pars mundi damnata a rerum natura,

    Plin. 4, 12, 26, § 88:

    niagna adhibita cura est a providentia deorum,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 51 al. —With intrans. verbs:

    quae (i. e. anima) calescit ab eo spiritu,

    is warmed by this breath, Cic. N. D. 2, 55, 138; cf. Ov. M. 1, 417: (mare) qua a sole collucet, Cic. Ac. 2, 105:

    salvebis a meo Cicerone,

    i. e. young Cicero sends his compliments to you, id. Att. 6, 2 fin.:

    a quibus (Atheniensibus) erat profectus,

    i. e. by whose command, Nep. Milt. 2, 3:

    ne vir ab hoste cadat,

    Ov. H. 9, 36 al. —A substantive or adjective often takes the place of the verb (so with de, q. v.):

    levior est plaga ab amico quam a debitore,

    Cic. Fam. 9, 16, 7; cf.:

    a bestiis ictus, morsus, impetus,

    id. Off. 2, 6, 19:

    si calor est a sole,

    id. N. D. 2, 52:

    ex iis a te verbis (for a te scriptis),

    id. Att. 16, 7, 5:

    metu poenae a Romanis,

    Liv. 32, 23, 9:

    bellum ingens a Volscis et Aequis,

    id. 3, 22, 2:

    ad exsolvendam fldem a consule,

    id. 27, 5, 6.—With an adj.:

    lassus ab equo indomito,

    Hor. S. 2, 2, 10:

    Murus ab ingenic notior ille tuo,

    Prop. 5, 1, 126:

    tempus a nostris triste malis,

    time made sad by our misfortunes, Ov. Tr. 4, 3, 36.—Different from per:

    vulgo occidebantur: per quos et a quibus?

    by whom and upon whose orders? Cic. Rosc. Am. 29, 80 (cf. id. ib. 34, 97: cujus consilio occisus sit, invenio; cujus manu sit percussus, non laboro); so,

    ab hoc destitutus per Thrasybulum (i. e. Thrasybulo auctore),

    Nep. Alc. 5, 4.—Ambiguity sometimes arises from the fact that the verb in the pass. would require ab if used in the active:

    si postulatur a populo,

    if the people demand it, Cic. Off. 2, 17, 58, might also mean, if it is required of the people; on the contrary: quod ab eo (Lucullo) laus imperatoria non admodum exspectabatur, not since he did not expect military renown, but since they did not expect military renown from him, Cic. Ac. 2, 1, 2, and so often; cf. Rudd. II. p. 213. (The use of the active dative, or dative of the agent, instead of ab with the pass., is well known, Zumpt, § 419. It is very seldom found in prose writers of the golden age of Roman liter.; with Cic. sometimes joined with the participles auditus, cognitus, constitutus, perspectus, provisus, susceptus; cf. Halm ad Cic. Imp. Pomp. 24, 71, and ad ejusdem, Cat. 1, 7 fin.; but freq. at a later period; e. g. in Pliny, in Books 2-4 of H. N., more than twenty times; and likewise in Tacitus seventeen times. Vid. the passages in Nipperd. ad Tac. A. 2, 49.) Far more unusual is the simple abl. in the designation of persons:

    deseror conjuge,

    Ov. H. 12, 161; so id. ib. 5, 75; id. M. 1, 747; Verg. A. 1, 274; Hor. C. 2, 4, 9; 1, 6, 2;

    and in prose,

    Quint. 3, 4, 2; Sen. Contr. 2, 1; Curt. 6, 7, 8; cf. Rudd. II. p. 212; Zumpt ad Quint. V. p. 122 Spalding.—Hence the adverbial phrase a se=uph heautou, sua sponte, of one's own uccord, spontaneously:

    ipsum a se oritur et sua sponte nascitur,

    Cic. Fin. 2, 24, 78:

    (urna) ab se cantat quoja sit,

    Plaut. Rud. 2, 5, 21 (al. eapse; cf. id. Men. 1, 2, 66); so Col. 11, 1, 5; Liv. 44, 33, 6.
    b.
    With names of towns to denote origin, extraction, instead of gentile adjectives. From, of:

    pastores a Pergamide,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 1:

    Turnus ab Aricia,

    Liv. 1, 50, 3 (for which Aricinus, id. 1, 51, 1):

    obsides dant trecentos principum a Cora atque Pometia liberos,

    Liv. 2, 22, 2; and poet.: O longa mundi servator ab Alba, Auguste, thou who art descended from the old Alban race of kings (=oriundus, or ortus regibus Albanis), Prop. 5, 6, 37.
    c.
    In giving the etymology of a name: eam rem (sc. legem, Gr. nomon) illi Graeco putant nomine a suum cuique tribuendo appellatam, ego nostro a legendo, Cic. Leg. 1, 6, 19: annum intervallum regni fuit: id ab re... interregnum appellatum, Liv. 1, 17, 6:

    (sinus maris) ab nomine propinquae urbis Ambracius appellatus,

    id. 38, 4, 3; and so Varro in his Ling. Lat., and Pliny, in Books 1-5 of H. N., on almost every page. (Cf. also the arts. ex and de.)
    d.
    With verbs of beginning and repeating: a summo bibere, in Plaut. to drink in succession from the one at the head of the table:

    da, puere, ab summo,

    Plaut. As. 5, 2, 41; so,

    da ab Delphio cantharum circum, id Most. 1, 4, 33: ab eo nobis causa ordienda est potissimum,

    Cic. Leg. 1, 7, 21:

    coepere a fame mala,

    Liv. 4, 12, 7:

    cornicem a cauda de ovo exire,

    tail-foremost, Plin. 10, 16, 18:

    a capite repetis, quod quaerimus,

    Cic. Leg. 1, 6, 18 al.
    e.
    With verbs of freeing from, defending, or protecting against any thing:

    a foliis et stercore purgato,

    Cato, R. R. 65 (66), 1:

    tantumne ab re tuast oti tibi?

    Ter. Heaut. 1, [p. 4] 1, 23; cf.:

    Saguntini ut a proeliis quietem habuerant,

    Liv. 21, 11, 5:

    expiandum forum ab illis nefarii sceleris vestigiis,

    Cic. Rab. Perd. 4, 11:

    haec provincia non modo a calamitate, sed etiam a metu calamitatis est defendenda,

    id. Imp. Pomp. 6, 14 (v. defendo):

    ab incendio urbem vigiliis munitam intellegebat,

    Sall. C. 32:

    ut neque sustinere se a lapsu possent,

    Liv. 21, 35, 12:

    ut meam domum metueret atque a me ipso caveret,

    Cic. Sest. 64, 133.
    f.
    With verbs of expecting, fearing, hoping, and the like, ab =a parte, as, Cic. Att. 9, 7, 4: cum eadem metuam ab hac parte, since I fear the same from this side; hence, timere, metuere ab aliquo, not, to be afraid of any one, but, to fear something (proceeding from) from him:

    el metul a Chryside,

    Ter. And. 1, 1, 79; cf.:

    ab Hannibale metuens,

    Liv. 23, 36; and:

    metus a praetore,

    id. 23, 15, 7;

    v. Weissenb. ad h. l.: a quo quidem genere, judices, ego numquam timui,

    Cic. Sull. 20, 59:

    postquam nec ab Romanis robis ulla est spes,

    you can expect nothing from the Romans, Liv. 21, 13, 4.
    g.
    With verbs of fastening and holding:

    funiculus a puppi religatus,

    Cic. Inv. 2, 51, 154:

    cum sinistra capillum ejus a vertice teneret,

    Q. Cic. Pet. Cons. 3.
    h.
    Ulcisci se ab aliquo, to take vengeance on one:

    a ferro sanguis humanus se ulciscitur,

    Plin. 34, 14, 41 fin.
    i.
    Cognoscere ab aliqua re to knoio or learn by means of something (different from ab aliquo, to learn from some one):

    id se a Gallicis armis atque insignibus cognovisse,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 22.
    j.
    Dolere, laborare, valere ab, instead of the simple abl.:

    doleo ab animo, doleo ab oculis, doleo ab aegritudine,

    Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 62:

    a morbo valui, ab animo aeger fui,

    id. Ep. 1, 2, 26; cf. id. Aul. 2, 2, 9:

    a frigore et aestu ne quid laborent,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 17; so,

    a frigore laborantibus,

    Plin. 32, 10, 46, § 133; cf.:

    laborare ab re frumentaria,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 10, 1; id. B. C. 3, 9; v. laboro.
    k.
    Where verbs and adjectives are joined with ab, instead of the simple abl., ab defines more exactly the respect in which that which is expressed by the verb or adj. is to be understood, in relation to, with regard to, in respect to, on the part of:

    ab ingenio improbus,

    Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 59:

    a me pudica'st,

    id. Curc. 1, 1, 51:

    orba ab optimatibus contio,

    Cic. Fl. 23, 54; ro Ov. H. 6,156: securos vos ab hac parte reddemus, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 24 fin. (v. securus):

    locus copiosus a frumento,

    Cic. Att. 5, 18, 2; cf.:

    sumus imparati cum a militibas tum a pecunia,

    id. ib. 7, 15 fin.:

    ille Graecus ab omni laude felicior,

    id. Brut. 16, 63:

    ab una parte haud satis prosperuin,

    Liv. 1, 32, 2 al.;

    so often in poets ab arte=arte,

    artfully, Tib. 1, 5, 4; 1, 9, 66; Ov. Am. 2, 4, 30.
    l.
    In the statement of the motive instead of ex, propter, or the simple abl. causae, from, out of, on account of, in consequence of: ab singulari amore scribo, Balb. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 7, B fin.:

    linguam ab irrisu exserentem,

    thrusting out the tongue in derision, Liv. 7, 10, 5:

    ab honore,

    id. 1, 8; so, ab ira, a spe, ab odio, v. Drak. ad Liv. 24, 30, 1: 26, 1, 3; cf. also Kritz and Fabri ad Sall. J. 31, 3, and Fabri ad Liv. 21, 36, 7.
    m.
    Especially in the poets instead of the gen.:

    ab illo injuria,

    Ter. And. 1, 1, 129:

    fulgor ab auro,

    Lucr. 2, 5:

    dulces a fontibus undae,

    Verg. G. 2, 243.
    n.
    In indicating a part of the whole, for the more usual ex, of, out of:

    scuto ab novissimis uni militi detracto,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 25, 1:

    nonnuill ab novissimis,

    id. ib.; Cic. Sest. 65, 137; cf. id. ib. 59 fin.: a quibus (captivis) ad Senatum missus (Regulus).
    o.
    In marking that from which any thing proceeds, and to which it belongs:

    qui sunt ab ea disciplina,

    Cic. Tusc. 2, 3, 7:

    ab eo qui sunt,

    id. Fin. 4, 3, 7:

    nostri illi a Platone et Aristotele aiunt,

    id. Mur. 30, 63 (in imitation of oi upo tinos).
    p.
    To designate an office or dignity (with or without servus; so not freq. till after the Aug. period;

    in Cic. only once): Pollex, servus a pedibus meus,

    one of my couriers, Cic. Att. 8, 5, 1; so,

    a manu servus,

    a secretary, Suet. Caes. 74: Narcissum ab eplstulis ( secretary) et Pallantem a rationibus ( accountant), id. Claud. 28; and so, ab actis, ab admissione, ab aegris, ab apotheca, ab argento, a balneis, a bibliotheca, a codicillis, a jumentis, a potione, etc. (v. these words and Inscr. Orell. vol. 3, Ind. xi. p. 181 sq.).
    q.
    The use of ab before adverbs is for the most part peculiar to later Latinity:

    a peregre,

    Vitr. 5, 7 (6), 8:

    a foris,

    Plin. 17, 24, 37; Vulg. Gen, 7, 16; ib. Matt. 23, 27:

    ab intus,

    ib. ib. 7, 15:

    ab invicem,

    App. Herb. 112; Vulg. Matt. 25, 32; Cypr. Ep. 63, 9: Hier. Ep. 18:

    a longe,

    Hyg. Fab. 257; Vulg. Gen. 22, 4; ib. Matt. 26, 58:

    a modo,

    ib. ib. 23, 39;

    Hier. Vit. Hilar.: a nune,

    Vulg. Luc. 1, 48:

    a sursum,

    ib. Marc. 15, 38.
    ► a.
    Ab is not repeated like most other prepositions (v. ad, ex, in, etc.) with pron. interrog. or relat. after subst. and pron. demonstr. with ab:

    Arsinoen, Stratum, Naupactum...fateris ab hostibus esse captas. Quibus autem hostibus? Nempe iis, quos, etc.,

    Cic. Pis. 37, 91:

    a rebus gerendis senectus abstrahit. Quibus? An iis, quae in juventute geruntur et viribus?

    id. Sen. 6:

    a Jove incipiendum putat. Quo Jove?

    id. Rep. 1, 36, 56:

    res publica, quascumque vires habebit, ab iis ipsis, quibus tenetur, de te propediem impetrabit,

    id. Fam. 4, 13, 5.—
    b.
    Ab in Plantus is once put after the word which it governs: quo ab, As. 1, 1, 106.—
    c.
    It is in various ways separated from the word which it governs:

    a vitae periculo,

    Cic. Brut. 91, 313:

    a nullius umquam me tempore aut commodo,

    id. Arch. 6, 12:

    a minus bono,

    Sall. C. 2, 6:

    a satis miti principio,

    Liv. 1, 6, 4:

    damnis dives ab ipsa suis,

    Ov. H. 9, 96; so id. ib. 12, 18; 13, 116.—
    d.
    The poets join a and que, making aque; but in good prose que is annexed to the following abl. (a meque, abs teque, etc.):

    aque Chao,

    Verg. G. 4, 347:

    aque mero,

    Ov. M. 3, 631:

    aque viro,

    id. H. 6, 156:

    aque suis,

    id. Tr. 5, 2, 74 al. But:

    a meque,

    Cic. Fam. 2, 16, 1:

    abs teque,

    id. Att. 3, 15, 4:

    a teque,

    id. ib. 8, 11, §

    7: a primaque adulescentia,

    id. Brut. 91, 315 al. —
    e.
    A Greek noun joined with ab stands in the dat.: a parte negotiati, hoc est pragmatikê, removisse, Quint. 3, 7, 1.
    III.
    In composition ab,
    1.
    Retains its original signif.: abducere, to take or carry away from some place: abstrahere, to draw auay; also, downward: abicere, to throw down; and denoting a departure from the idea of the simple word, it has an effect apparently privative: absimilis, departing from the similar, unlike: abnormis, departing from the rule, unusual (different from dissimilis, enormis); and so also in amens=a mente remotus, alienus ( out of one's senses, without self-control, insane): absurdus, missounding, then incongruous, irrational: abutor (in one of its senses), to misuse: aborior, abortus, to miscarry: abludo; for the privative force the Latin regularly employs in-, v. 2. in.—
    2.
    It more rarely designates completeness, as in absorbere, abutor ( to use up). (The designation of the fourth generation in the ascending or descending line by ab belongs here only in appearance; as abavus for quartus pater, great-great-grandfather, although the Greeks introduced upopappos; for the immutability of the syllable ab in abpatrnus and abmatertera, as well as the signif. Of the word abavus, grandfather's grandfather, imitated in abnepos, grandchild's grandchild, seems to point to a derivation from avi avus, as Festus, p. 13 Mull., explains atavus, by atta avi, or, rather, attae avus.)

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > ab

  • 17 quot

    quŏt (in MSS. often quŏd), adj. plur. indecl. [kindr. with Sanscr. kati, quot, like tot, Sanscr. tati].
    I.
    Lit., how many, as many, as: quot sunt? Sce. Totidem, quot ego et tu sumus, Plaut. Rud. 2, 7, 6; id. Most. 3, 1, 114:

    quot homines, tot sententiae,

    Ter. Phorm. 2, 4, 14:

    quot homines, tot causae,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 32, 140:

    quot dies erimus in Tusculano,

    id. Tusc. 1, 49, 119:

    quot calamitates!

    id. ib. 1, 35, 86:

    quot orationum genera esse diximus, totidem oratorum reperiuntur,

    id. Or. 16, 53:

    idque declarat totidem quot dixit, scripta verbis oratio,

    id. Brut. 96, 328; Ov. Tr. 1, 5, 47; Hor. S. 2, 1, 27; Juv. 7, 225.—
    B.
    For quotiens;

    toties, quot,

    as often as, Liv. 2, 13, 2.—
    II.
    Transf., in specifications of time, all, each, every: quot diebus, every day, daily: quot mensibus, every month, monthly: quot annis, often as one word, quotannis (in inscrr. also, QVOD ANNIS), every year, yearly, annually:

    quot Kalendis petere cibum,

    Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 3:

    quot mensibus fodere,

    Cato, R. R. 43, 2:

    quotannis tributa conferre,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 53, § 131:

    hic illum vidi juvenem, Meliboee, quot annis,

    Verg. E. 1, 43:

    quot annos singula milia,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 1: Pomponius scribit, nihil interesse, utrum in annos singulos, vel quot annis; an in singulos menses, vel quot mensibus;

    an in singulos dies, vel quot diebus legatur,

    Dig. 36, 2, 12:

    sedulum quot dies obibam culturae sacrorum ministerium,

    App. M. 11, p. 267, 29.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > quot

  • 18 diēs

        diēs gen. diēī or diē (rarely diei, disyl., T., or diī, V.), m sometimes in sing f.    [DIV-], a day, civil day: Quae tot res in unum conclusit diem, T.: eo die, Cs.: in posterum diem, Cs.: paucos dies ibi morati, Cs.: alter et tertius dies absumitur, Ta.— Fem. (in prose only of a fixed term): diebus XXX, a quā die materia caesa est, Cs.: posterā die, S.: suprema, H.: atra, V.: tarda, O. —In phrases: paucis ante diebus, a few days earlier, S.: paucis post diebus, S.: postridie eius diei, the next day, Cs.: post diem tertium eius diei, the next day but one, L.: diem ex die exspectabam, from day to day: diem de die prospectans, L.: in dies, every day, Cs., C.: in diem rapto vivit, L.: cui licet in diem dixisse Vixi, etc., H.—Abl. diē, in a day, in one day, V.; rarely diē (i. e. cottidie or in diem), daily, V.—In dates: ante diem XII Kal. Nov., the twenty - first of October: in ante diem V Kal. Dec., till November 28.— A set day, appointed time, term: hic nuptiis dictus est dies, T.: pecuniae, C., L.: iis certum diem conveniendi dicit, Cs.: die certo, S.: negotio proxumum diem constituit, S.: conloquio decretus, O.: ad diem praestitutum venire, L.: die tuo exspectabam, etc., your fever day: supremus vitae: obire diem supremum, die, N. — Fem. (only sing.): deportandi dies praestituta: certa eius rei constituta, Cs.: stata, L.: ubi ea dies venit, Cs.: praeteritā die, quā, etc., Cs.: esse in lege, quam ad diem, proscriptiones fiant. — In the phrase, dicere diem, with dat, to impeach, lay an accusation against: diem mihi, credo, dixerat: Domitium Silano diem dixisse scimus.— A dying-day, time to die, destined time (poet.): Stat sua cuique dies, V.: Hic dolor ante diem Pandiona misit ad umbras, prematurely, O. — A natural day, day (opp. night): cum horā diei decimā venire: quantum scribam die (opp. noctibus), in the daytime: die et nocte concoqui, in a single day and night: multo denique die, late in the day, Cs.: in diem (somnum) extrahere, Ta.: exercere diem, work by daylight, V.: currūs rogat In diem, for a day, O.: diem noctemque procul navem tenuit, a day and a night, N.: Saturnalia diem ac noctem clamata, all day and all night, L.: diem noctemque, uninterruptedly, Cs.: Dies noctīsque me ames, T.: dies noctīsque iter faciens, N.: noctīs ac dies: et noctīs et dies.— With iter, of distances, a day's march, day's journey: huius silvae latitudo novem dierum iter expedito patet, forced marches, Cs.: quinque dierum iter aberant, L. — Daybreak, day: cum die, O.: ante diem, H. — An anniversary: quo die ad Aliam pugnatum, a clade Aliensem appellarunt, L.: diem meum scis esse III Non. Ian., birthday. —Meton., a day's work, event, day: is dies honestissimus nobis fuerat in senatu: dare illius diei poenas: ille dies Etruscorum fregit opes, Cs.: imponite quinquaginta annis magnum diem, Ta. — A time, space of time, period, interval: diem se ad deliberandum sumpturum, Cs.: diem tempusque forsitan ipsum leniturum iras, L.: ut sexenni die pecuniae solvantur, Cs.: in longiorem diem conlaturus, a later day, Cs.: perexigua, a brief interval: nulla, O.: (indutiarum) dies, the term, L.: messis, season, V.: Optuma aevi, period (i. e. youth), V.: Sole dies referente siccos, season, H.: diem adimere aegritudinem hominibus, T.: diem festum Dianae per triduum agi, a festival, L.: malum in diem abiit, to a future time, T.: nos in diem vivimus, for the moment.—Light of day, daylight (poet.): Inmissus quo dies terreat umbras, O.: volumina fumi Infecere diem, O.: oriens occiduusque dies, the East and the West, i. e. the world, O. — Personified, the god of day, O.— Fem.: Venus primo Caelo et Die nata.
    * * *
    day; daylight; festival; time; lifetime, age

    Latin-English dictionary > diēs

  • 19 modus

        modus ī, m    [3 MA-], a measure, extent, quantity: agri: numerum modumque carinis Praecipiant, V.: trunci, girth, O.: longo nullus lateri modus (sit), i. e. be the flank excessively long, V.— A proper measure, due measure: suus cuique (rei) modus est: modum haberi nullum placet, moderation: servare modum, V.: vox quasi extra modum absona, immoderately: cum lacus praeter modum crevisset, excessively: in dicendo: sine modo modestiāque, S.— A measure, rhythm, melody, harmony, time: vocum: fidibus Latinis Thebanos aptare modos, H.: saltare ad tibicinis modos, the music of the flute, L.: modum Voce dabat remis, time, O.: verae numerosque modosque ediscere vitae, moral harmonies, H.— A measure, bound, limit, end, restriction: sumptūs Cotidianos fieri nec fieri modum, T.: lubidini modum facere, S.: modum aliquem et finem orationi facere, bounds: cum modum irae nullum faceret, L.: modum transire: modum Exit, O.: modum lugendi aliquando facere, make an end.—A way, manner, mode, method, fashion, style: Sine meo me vivere modo, T.: oratoris modo mandata deferre, as an ambassador, Cs.: vitae, way of life: id quibus modis adsequeretur, i. e. by what means, S.: Haud ignara modi, i. e. well knowing how, V.: si quis modus (est), i. e. if it is possible, V.: servorum modo, like slaves, L.: mirum in modum, wonderfully, Cs.: ad hunc modum distributis legionibus, thus, Cs.: si humano modo peccasset, after the manner of men: multa Carneadeo more et modo disputata: apis Matinae More modoque, H.: tali modo, in such wise, N.: nullo modo, by no means: omni modo egi cum rege, in every way, i. e. urgently: omnibus modis miser sum, every way, T.: laudare miris modis, extravagantly, L.: modis inolescere miris, wondrously, V.: eum tibi commendo in maiorem modum, very greatly: Nec modus inserere atque oculos imponere simplex, V.—In genit. with eius or cuius: eius modi, of that sort, of such a kind, such (often written eiusmodi): in eius modi casu, Cs.: eius modi litteras misit: cuiusque modi genus hominum, S.: cuius modi, of what sort: cuicuimodi, of what sort soever: huius modi casūs, such, Cs.: illius modi, of that kind.
    * * *
    manner, mode, way, method; rule, rhythm, beat, measure, size; bound, limit

    Latin-English dictionary > modus

  • 20 hōra

        hōra ae, f, ὥρα, an hour (one twelfth of the day between sunrise and sunset): Dum haec dicit, abiit hora, T.: horam amplius moliebantur: horam durare, H.: in horā saepe ducentos versūs dictabat, H.: horas trīs dicere: quattuor horarum spatium, Cs.: hora quota est? what o'clock? H.: nuntiare quot horas, the time of day, Iu.: hora secunda postridie: post horam primam noctis: clavum mutare in horas, every hour, H.: in diem et horam, i. e. continually, H.—Prov.: in horam vivere, from hand to mouth.—Plur., a horologe, dial, clock: moveri videmus horas: mittere ad horas, send to ask the time.—A time, time of year, season: quamcumque deus tibi fortunaverit horam, H.: recte vivendi, H.: crastina, V.: verni temporis, H.: Caniculae, i. e. midsummer, H.: Quae rapit hora diem, i. e. time, H.—Person., the Hours, attendants of the sun: positae spatiis aequalibus, O.: Nox Horis acta, V.
    * * *
    hour; time; season

    Latin-English dictionary > hōra

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